Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25977204›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2015

Methamphetamine injecting is associated with phylogenetic clustering of hepatitis C virus infection among street-involved youth in Vancouver, Canada.

Evan B Cunningham, Brendan Jacka, Kora DeBeck, Tanya L Applegate, P Richard Harrigan, Mel Krajden, Brandon D L Marshall, Julio Montaner, Viviane Dias Lima, Andrea D Olmstead and 3 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. The hepatitis C epidemic in Canada: An overview of recent trends in surveillance, injection drug use, harm reduction and treatment.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2021
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  14. Inconsistent temporal patterns of genetic variation of HCV among high-risk subjects may impact inference of transmission networks.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2019
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Evan B CunninghamViral Hepatitis Clinical Research Program, The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: ecunningham@kirby.unsw.edu.au.
Brendan JackaViral Hepatitis Clinical Research Program, The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Kora DeBeckBritish Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada; School of Public Policy, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Tanya L ApplegateViral Hepatitis Clinical Research Program, The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
P Richard HarriganBritish Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Mel KrajdenBC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Brandon D L MarshallDepartment of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States.
Julio MontanerBritish Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Division of AIDS, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Viviane Dias LimaBritish Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Division of AIDS, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Andrea D OlmsteadBC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
M-J MilloyBritish Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Division of AIDS, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Evan WoodBritish Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Division of AIDS, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Jason GrebelyViral Hepatitis Clinical Research Program, The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
St. Paul's Hospital · CABC Centre for Disease Control · CAUniversity of British Columbia · CABrown University · USSimon Fraser University · CA

Funding

Vancouver Drug Users Study: The Impacts of Evolving Drug Use Patterns on HIV/AIDSU01DA038886 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA · PI DEBECK, KORA, HAYASHI, KANNA · 2015 to 2024
$12.1M
SYRINGE ACCESS AND RISK FACTORS ON HIV TRANSMISSIONR01DA011591 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA · PI KERR, THOMAS · 1998 to 2014
$5.9M
Seek and Treat for Optimal Outcomes and Prevention in HIV & AIDS in IDUDP1DA026182 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI MONTANER, JULIO SERGIO GONZALEZ · 2008 to 2013
$3.9M
Initiation of injection drug use and HIV risks among street-involved youthR01DA028532 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA · PI WOOD, EVAN · 2010 to 2014
$1.9M
Modeling different strategies to reduce the public health impact of the HCV/HIV eR03DA033851 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA · PI LIMA, VIVIANE DIAS · 2012 to 2013
$55k
CIHR 125948-1CIHR 129971-1NIDA NIH HHS DP1 DA026182NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA011591NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA028532NIDA NIH HHS R03 DA033851NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA038886
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAmong prospective cohorts of people who inject drugs (PWID), phylogenetic clustering of HCV infection has been observed. However, the majority of studies have included older PWID, representing distant transmission events. The aim of this study was to investigate phylogenetic clustering of HCV infection among a cohort of street-involved youth.

methodsData were derived from a prospective cohort of street-involved youth aged 14-26 recruited between 2005 and 2012 in Vancouver, Canada (At Risk Youth Study, ARYS). HCV RNA testing and sequencing (Core-E2) were performed on HCV positive participants. Phylogenetic trees were inferred using maximum likelihood methods and clusters were identified using ClusterPicker (Core-E2 without HVR1, 90% bootstrap threshold, 0.05 genetic distance threshold).

resultsAmong 945 individuals enrolled in ARYS, 16% (n=149, 100% recent injectors) were HCV antibody positive at baseline interview (n=86) or seroconverted during follow-up (n=63). Among HCV antibody positive participants with available samples (n=131), 75% (n=98) had detectable HCV RNA and 66% (n=65, mean age 23, 58% with recent methamphetamine injection, 31% female, 3% HIV+) had available Core-E2 sequences. Of those with Core-E2 sequence, 14% (n=9) were in a cluster (one cluster of three) or pair (two pairs), with all reporting recent methamphetamine injection. Recent methamphetamine injection was associated with membership in a cluster or pair (P=0.009).

conclusionIn this study of street-involved youth with HCV infection and recent injecting, 14% demonstrated phylogenetic clustering. Phylogenetic clustering was associated with recent methamphetamine injection, suggesting that methamphetamine drug injection may play an important role in networks of HCV transmission.

Indexed as

PhylogenyAdolescentAdultBritish ColumbiaFemaleHepatitis CHomeless YouthHumansInjectionsMaleMethamphetamineProspective StudiesSelf MedicationSubstance Abuse, IntravenousMethamphetamineClusteringInjection drug useMethamphetaminePhylogenetic clusteringPhylogeneticsStreet-involved youth

Identifiers

PMID25977204
PMCPMC4461061
OpenAlexW2041408336

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.