ArticleThe Journal of surgical research2015
Substernal goiter: when is a sternotomy required?
Article in The Journal of surgical research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Surgical Management of Substernal Goiters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The Laryngoscope · 2026Pooled it
- Review
- Article
- Mediastinal Masses and Sternotomies: A Case Series.Cureus · 2025Article
- Three-Leaf-Clover Thyroid and Minimally Invasive Trans-Cervical Synchronous Thyroidectomy and Ectopic Mediastinal Thyroid Tissue Removal: Does the Age of the Patient Count amid a Multifaceted Strategy?Clinics and practice · 2024Article
- Extended cervical approach for retrosternal multinodular goiter.Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale · 2024Article
- Surgical Resection of Retrosternal Goitre: The Four-Finger Technique.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2023Article
- Retro-sternal Goitre: an Overview.Indian journal of surgical oncology · 2022Review
- Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Outcomes of Massive Multinodular Goiter: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Combined cervicosternotomy and cervicotomy for true retrosternal goiters: a surgical cohort study.Updates in surgery · 2021Article
- Cardiopulmonary Arrest Caused by Large Substernal Goiter-Treatment with Combined Cervical Approach and Median Mini-Sternotomy: Report of a Case.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Article
- Concomitant aortic valve replacement and retrosternal goitre resection via mini-sternotomy: a novel case.Journal of surgical case reports · 2020Article
- Thyroiditis process as a predictive factor of sternotomy in the treatment of cervico-mediastinal goiter.BMC surgery · 2019Article
- Surgical approach to the intrathoracic goiter.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2018Article
- The Value of Preoperative Volumetric Analysis by Computerised Tomography of Retrosternal Goiter to Predict the Need for an Extra-Cervical Approach.Balkan medical journal · 2018Article
- Anatomical approach to surgery for intrathoracic goiter.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2017Article
- Patient-tailored management of an asymptomatic massive substernal goiter presenting as brachiocephalic vein occlusion. Report of a case and review of sternotomy indications.International journal of surgery case reports · 2017Article
- Review
- Utility of Novel Clavicle-lifting Technique in Mediastinal Thyroid Surgery: A Case Series Study.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
- Preoperative Evaluation of Substernal Goiter by Computed Tomography in the Extended Neck Position.Case reports in oncologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSternotomy for substernal goiters (SSG) is associated with greater morbidity than a cervical approach to thyroidectomy. We sought to identify predictors for sternotomy as a surgical approach for the removal of SSG and analyzed the preoperative and postoperative characteristics of patients with SSG compared with those with large goiters contained entirely within the neck or a cervical goiter.
methodsA retrospective review of a surgical database was performed. We included patients with large (>100 g) thyroids or SSG, regardless of size. Between 1995 and 2013, 220 patients met these criteria. Comparisons were made between patients who had an SSG and patients who had a cervical goiter with particular focus on those who required sternotomy.
resultsOf the 220 patients, 127 patients (58%) had SSG, of whom 7 (5.5%) required sternotomy. All patients who underwent sternotomy underwent preoperative computed tomography scanning and were more likely to have preoperative symptoms of chest pressure and voice complaints and have extension of the thyroid gland below the aortic arch. Sternotomy took an average of 2 hours longer than a cervical incision, was associated with significantly more blood loss (600 versus 190 mL, P = 0.04), and a longer length of stay (3.1 versus 1.8 d, P = 0.03) than cervical thyroidectomy.
conclusionsSternotomy for SSG is rare. All patients necessitating sternotomy had extension below the aortic arch and were more likely to present complaining of chest pressure and voice issues.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.