ReviewNature reviews. Immunology2015
Fever and the thermal regulation of immunity: the immune system feels the heat.
Review in Nature reviews. Immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07564440 (Clinical and Biological Safety Study of the BTT Hyperthermia in Adult Subjects), which is not on this map. Cited by 538 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical and Biological Safety Study of the BTT Hyperthermia in Adult Subjects
Who cites it
538 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,231 citations in OpenAlex.
- Surviving Sepsis Campaign International Guidelines for the Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock in Children 2026.Intensive care medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Clinical Practice Guideline: The Outpatient Management of Fever in Children and Adolescents.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2026Guideline
- Body surface temperatures as biomarkers of physiological environmental adaptation in wild birds and mammals.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness and safety of interventions for fever-associated discomfort in children: A systematic review.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Excess mortality of infected ectotherms induced by warming depends on pathogen kingdom and evolutionary history.PLoS biology · 2024Pooled it
- Long-term health effects of antipyretic drug use in the aging population: a systematic review.Journal of medicine and life · 2024Pooled it
- Systemic Inflammation and Anhedonic Responses to an Inflammatory Challenge in Adults With Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.The American journal of psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Adjunctive mild controlled hypothermia for moderate necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants: a prospective cohort study with external contemporaneous controls.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- The dual role of arginine vasopressin in immune regulation: Balancing immunostimulation and immunosuppression.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Review
- Febrile-range temperature selectively limits sustained pDC-Derived IFN-α via attenuation of STAT1-Dependent feedback signaling.Cell insight · 2026Article
- The carotid body in sepsis: From homeostatic defense to immunometabolic dysregulation.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Review
- Article
- Virobiome-mediated regulation of microbiota-gut-brain axis signaling and neuroimmune homeostasis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Frequency and Characteristics of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease Accompanied by Fever: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Association between early body temperature dynamic trajectory and mortality and infection rates for patients with cardiac arrest in ICU: a retrospective study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Temperature as a Regulator of Red Blood Cell Fate: From Membrane Dynamics to Cellular Clearance.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Enabling molecular signaling with temperature and ionic-strength independence or programmable dependence.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Advances and Challenges in Wearable Sensors for Health Monitoring.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026Review
- Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Strategies in Epilepsy: From Molecular Mechanisms to Threshold Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
478 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Fever is a cardinal response to infection that has been conserved in warm-blooded and cold-blooded vertebrates for more than 600 million years of evolution. The fever response is executed by integrated physiological and neuronal circuitry and confers a survival benefit during infection. In this Review, we discuss our current understanding of how the inflammatory cues delivered by the thermal element of fever stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses. We further highlight the unexpected multiplicity of roles of the pyrogenic cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6), both during fever induction and during the mobilization of lymphocytes to the lymphoid organs that are the staging ground for immune defence. We also discuss the emerging evidence suggesting that the adrenergic signalling pathways associated with thermogenesis shape immune cell function.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.