Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25974069›Full record

ArticlePloS one2015

Projection of young-old and old-old with functional disability: does accounting for the changing educational composition of the elderly population make a difference?

John P Ansah, Rahul Malhotra, Nicola Lew, Chi-Tsun Chiu, Angelique Chan, Steffen Bayer, David B Matchar

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

John P AnsahSignature Program in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
Rahul MalhotraSignature Program in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
Nicola LewSignature Program in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
Chi-Tsun ChiuSignature Program in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
Angelique ChanSignature Program in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Sociology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Steffen BayerSignature Program in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
David B MatcharSignature Program in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study compares projections, up to year 2040, of young-old (aged 60-79) and old-old (aged 80+) with functional disability in Singapore with and without accounting for the changing educational composition of the Singaporean elderly. Two multi-state population models, with and without accounting for educational composition respectively, were developed, parameterized with age-gender-(education)-specific transition probabilities (between active, functional disability and death states) estimated from two waves (2009 and 2011) of a nationally representative survey of community-dwelling Singaporeans aged ≥ 60 years (N=4,990). Probabilistic sensitivity analysis with the bootstrap method was used to obtain the 95% confidence interval of the transition probabilities. Not accounting for educational composition overestimated the young-old with functional disability by 65 percent and underestimated the old-old by 20 percent in 2040. Accounting for educational composition, the proportion of old-old with functional disability increased from 40.8 percent in 2000 to 64.4 percent by 2040; not accounting for educational composition, the proportion in 2040 was 49.4 percent. Since the health profiles, and hence care needs, of the old-old differ from those of the young-old, health care service utilization and expenditure and the demand for formal and informal caregiving will be affected, impacting health and long-term care policy.

Indexed as

AgingDisability EvaluationAgedAged, 80 and overEducational StatusFemaleForecastingHealth ExpendituresHealth Services Needs and DemandHealth SurveysHumansLong-Term CareMaleMiddle AgedSingapore

Identifiers

PMID25974069
PMCPMC4431717

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.