ArticleClinical cardiology2015
Increased Transforming Growth Factor-β Levels Associated With Cardiac Adverse Events in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.
Article in Clinical cardiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dihydrotestosterone Promotes Hetian Sheep Dermal Papilla Cell Proliferation by Inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad Signalling Pathway.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Article
- Proteomic profiling identifies molecular subtypes and unveils mechanistic insights into clinical features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- TGF-β1 Is Associated with Left Ventricular Dysfunction.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: from genetic insights to a multimodal therapeutic approach with mavacamten, aficamten, and beyond.The Egyptian heart journal : (EHJ) : official bulletin of the Egyptian Society of Cardiology · 2024Review
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-associated mutations drive stromal activation via EGFR-mediated paracrine signaling.Science advances · 2024Article
- The Role of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Myocardial Fibrosis in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Perspective from Fibroblasts.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Article
- The role of SMAD signaling in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: an immunohistopathological study in pediatric and adult patients.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Circulating Biomarkers in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Review
- Proteomics profiling reveals a distinct high-risk molecular subtype of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Heart (British Cardiac Society) · 2022Article
- Transforming growth factor-β in myocardial disease.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2022Review
- The function of LncRNA-H19 in cardiac hypertrophy.Cell & bioscience · 2021Review
- Circulating extracellular RNAs, myocardial remodeling, and heart failure in patients with acute coronary syndrome.Journal of clinical and translational research · 2019Article
- CaMKII Activity in the Inflammatory Response of Cardiac Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- DNA Damage Response/TP53 Pathway Is Activated and Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Dilated Cardiomyopathy Associated With LMNA (Lamin A/C) Mutations.Circulation research · 2019Article
- Role of cytokines and inflammation in heart function during health and disease.Heart failure reviews · 2018Review
- Experimental Right Ventricular Hypertension Induces Regional β1-Integrin-Mediated Transduction of Hypertrophic and Profibrotic Right and Left Ventricular Signaling.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2018Article
- Multiple focal and macroreentrant left atrial tachycardias originating from a spontaneous scar at the contiguous aorta-left atrium area in a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common genetic heart disease characterized by ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, and impaired ventricular relaxation. The exact mechanisms by which fibrosis is caused remain unknown. HYPOTHESIS: Circulating TGF-β is related to poor prognosis in HCM.
methodsWe compared TGF-β levels of 49 HCM patients with those of 40 non-HCM patients. We followed the patients with HCM for 18 months and divided them into 2 groups: low TGF-β (≤ 4877 pg/mL) and high TGF-β (> 4877 pg/mL). We compared the 2 groups in terms of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), echocardiographic parameters, and clinical outcomes including myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation, hospitalization, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, acute heart failure, and mortality.
resultsThe HCM patients had higher TGF-β levels than those in the control group (P = 0.005). In the follow-up, those in the high TGF-β group had higher BNP levels, larger left-atrial size, thicker interventricular septum, NYHA class, more hospitalizations, and a greater number of clinical adverse events (P < 0.001, P = 0.01, P < 0.001, P = 0.002, P < 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively). TGF-β level of > 4877 pg/mL can predict adverse events with a specificity of 75% and a sensitivity of 72% (P = 0.014). In multivariate regression analysis, TGF-β, BNP, and interventricular septum thickness were significantly associated with adverse events (P = 0.028, P = 0.030, and P = 0.034, respectively).
conclusionsThe TGF-β level is higher in HCM patients and associated with a poor prognosis in HCM.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.