Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25972517›Full record

ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2015

A Systematic Comparison of 18F-C-SNAT to Established Radiotracer Imaging Agents for the Detection of Tumor Response to Treatment.

Timothy H Witney, Aileen Hoehne, Robert E Reeves, Ohad Ilovich, Mohammad Namavari, Bin Shen, Frederick T Chin, Jianghong Rao, Sanjiv S Gambhir

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
11.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Augmentation of [EJNMMI research · 2025
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  4. Radionuclide imaging of apoptosis for clinical application.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2022
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  6. [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2021
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  7. Review
  8. Molecular Imaging of Apoptosis: The Case of Caspase-3 Radiotracers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021
    Review
  9. Reduction TriggeredJournal of the American Chemical Society · 2020
    Article
  10. Article
  11. [EJNMMI research · 2020
    Article
  12. Article
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  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Clinical translation of [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2018
    Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Timothy H WitneyDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California. sgambhir@stanford.edu.
Aileen HoehneDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Robert E ReevesDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Ohad IlovichDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Mohammad NamavariDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Bin ShenDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Frederick T ChinDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Jianghong RaoDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Sanjiv S GambhirDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Stanford University · US

Funding

Translational Oncology Research Program (Project-005)P30CA124435 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Melinda L. Telli · 2007 to 2026
$71.4M
Small Animal ImagingP50CA114747 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI RAO, JIANGHONG · 2005 to 2014
$18.2M
NCI NIH HHS 1P50CA114747NCI NIH HHS CA124435-02NCI NIH HHS P30 CA124435NCI NIH HHS P50 CA114747
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeAn early readout of tumor response to therapy through measurement of drug or radiation-induced cell death may provide important prognostic indications and improved patient management. It has been shown that the uptake of (18)F-C-SNAT can be used to detect early response to therapy in tumors by positron emission tomography (PET) via a mechanism of caspase-3-triggered nanoaggregation. EXPERIMENTAL

designHere, we compared the preclinical utility of (18)F-C-SNAT for the detection of drug-induced cell death to clinically evaluated radiotracers, (18)F-FDG, (99m)Tc-Annexin V, and (18)F-ML-10 in tumor cells in culture, and in tumor-bearing mice in vivo.

resultsIn drug-treated lymphoma cells, (18)F-FDG, (99m)Tc-Annexin V, and (18)F-C-SNAT cell-associated radioactivity correlated well to levels of cell death (R(2) > 0.8; P < 0.001), with no correlation measured for (18)F-ML-10 (R(2) = 0.05; P > 0.05). A similar pattern of response was observed in two human NSCLC cell lines following carboplatin treatment. EL-4 tumor uptake of (99m)Tc-Annexin V and (18)F-C-SNAT were increased 1.4- and 2.1-fold, respectively, in drug-treated versus naïve control animals (P < 0.05), although (99m)Tc-Annexin V binding did not correlate to ex vivo TUNEL staining of tissue sections. A differential response was not observed with either (18)F-FDG or (18)F-ML-10.

conclusionsWe have demonstrated here that (18)F-C-SNAT can sensitively detect drug-induced cell death in murine lymphoma and human NSCLC. Despite favorable image contrast obtained with (18)F-C-SNAT, the development of next-generation derivatives, using the same novel and promising uptake mechanism, but displaying improved biodistribution profiles, are warranted for maximum clinical utility.

Indexed as

BenzothiazolesOligopeptidesPositron-Emission TomographyRadiopharmaceuticalsTomography, X-Ray ComputedAnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsBiological AvailabilityCell DeathCell Line, TumorDisease Models, AnimalFemaleHumansMiceNeoplasmsTreatment OutcomeAntineoplastic AgentsBenzothiazolesC-SNAT compoundOligopeptidesRadiopharmaceuticals

Identifiers

PMID25972517
PMCPMC4558304
OpenAlexW1785852384

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.