Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25972376›Full record

ArticleHuman molecular genetics2015

Kabuki syndrome genes KMT2D and KDM6A: functional analyses demonstrate critical roles in craniofacial, heart and brain development.

Peter M Van Laarhoven, Leif R Neitzel, Anita M Quintana, Elizabeth A Geiger, Elaine H Zackai, David E Clouthier, Kristin B Artinger, Jeffrey E Ming, Tamim H Shaikh

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human molecular genetics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 115 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
115citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
9.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

115 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 189 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Nonlinearities and Switch-Like Behavior in Gene Expression: From Genetics to Biochemistry and Back.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Case Report: Exploring KMT2D mutation in Shone syndrome.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. MLL4 regulates postnatal palate growth and midpalatal suture development.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025
    Article
  19. MLL4 regulates postnatal palate growth and midpalatal suture development.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article
  20. Review

55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Peter M Van LaarhovenDepartment of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism and.
Leif R NeitzelDepartment of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism and.
Anita M QuintanaDepartment of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism and.
Elizabeth A GeigerDepartment of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism and.
Elaine H ZackaiDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA and.
David E ClouthierDepartment of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Kristin B ArtingerIntellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA, Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Jeffrey E MingDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA and.
Tamim H ShaikhDepartment of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism and, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA, tamim.shaikh@ucdenver.edu.
Pediatrics and Genetics · USUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus · USChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia · USUniversity of Pennsylvania · US

Funding

CTSA INFRASTRUCTURE FOR PEDIATRIC RESEARCHUL1RR025780 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI SOKOL, RONALD J. · 2008 to 2011
$61.3M
Colorado Clinical and Translational Sciences InstituteUL1TR001082 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI SOKOL, RONALD J. · 2013 to 2017
$48.0M
Development of Psychopathology, Psychobiology, & BehaviorT32MH015442 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI JASON R TREGELLAS · 1985 to 2026
$10.2M
Copy Number Alterations in Genomic DisordersR01GM081519 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI SHAIKH, TAMIM H · 2007 to 2010
$2.4M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001082NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR025780NIGMS NIH HHS GM081519NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM081519NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH015442NINDS NIH HHS NS5048154
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a rare multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by distinctive facial features, global developmental delay, intellectual disability and cardiovascular and musculoskeletal abnormalities. While mutations in KMT2D have been identified in a majority of KS patients, a few patients have mutations in KDM6A. We analyzed 40 individuals clinically diagnosed with KS for mutations in KMT2D and KDM6A. Mutations were detected in KMT2D in 12 and KDM6A in 4 cases, respectively. Observed mutations included single-nucleotide variations and indels leading to frame shifts, nonsense, missense or splice-site alterations. In two cases, we discovered overlapping chromosome X microdeletions containing KDM6A. To further elucidate the functional roles of KMT2D and KDM6A, we knocked down the expression of their orthologs in zebrafish. Following knockdown of kmt2d and the two zebrafish paralogs kdm6a and kdm6al, we analyzed morphants for developmental abnormalities in tissues that are affected in individuals with KS, including craniofacial structures, heart and brain. The kmt2d morphants exhibited severe abnormalities in all tissues examined. Although the kdm6a and kdm6al morphants had similar brain abnormalities, kdm6a morphants exhibited craniofacial phenotypes, whereas kdm6al morphants had prominent defects in heart development. Our results provide further support for the similar roles of KMT2D and KDM6A in the etiology of KS by using a vertebrate model organism to provide direct evidence of their roles in the development of organs and tissues affected in KS patients.

Indexed as

Abnormalities, MultipleAnimalsBrainCraniofacial AbnormalitiesDNA-Binding ProteinsFaceHeart Defects, CongenitalHematologic DiseasesHistone DemethylasesHumansMutationNeoplasm ProteinsNuclear ProteinsVestibular DiseasesZebrafishDNA-Binding ProteinsHistone DemethylasesKDM6A protein, humanKMT2D protein, humanNeoplasm ProteinsNuclear Proteins

Identifiers

PMID25972376
PMCPMC4492403
OpenAlexW2161986560

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.