ArticlePloS one2015
Do housekeeping genes exist?
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Deciphering the sex bias in housekeeping gene expression in adipose tissue: a comprehensive meta-analysis of transcriptomic studies.Biology of sex differences · 2023Pooled it
- Selection of reference genes for quantitative PCR: identifying reference genes for airway epithelial cells exposed toAmerican journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2020Pooled it
- HuNT: A Reference Transcriptome Atlas for Human Normal Tissues.Phenomics (Cham, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Reference genes validation in tear fluid for RNA analysis in ocular surface disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Housekeeping protein-coding genes interrogated with tissue and individual variations.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Housekeeping gene expression variability in differentiating and non-differentiating 3T3-L1 cells.Adipocyte · 2023Article
- InterOpt: Improved gene expression quantification in qPCR experiments using weighted aggregation of reference genes.iScience · 2023Article
- YWHAZ and TBP are potential reference gene candidates for qPCR analysis of response to radiation therapy in colorectal cancer.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Gene regulatory network inference using mixed-norms regularized multivariate model with covariance selection.PLoS computational biology · 2023Article
- Comprehensive Analysis of Ubiquitously Expressed Genes in Humans from A Data-driven Perspective.Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics · 2023Article
- Identification and validation of stable reference genes for quantitative real time PCR in different minipig tissues at developmental stages.BMC genomics · 2022Article
- What are housekeeping genes?PLoS computational biology · 2022Article
- Crosstalk of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4a and glucocorticoid receptor in the regulation of lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat-high-sugar diet.Lipids in health and disease · 2022Article
- Mouse Organ-Specific Proteins and Functions.Cells · 2021Article
- HRT Atlas v1.0 database: redefining human and mouse housekeeping genes and candidate reference transcripts by mining massive RNA-seq datasets.Nucleic acids research · 2021Article
- miR-361-5p as a promising qRT-PCR internal control for tumor and normal breast tissues.PloS one · 2021Article
- Empirical Bayes shrinkage and false discovery rate estimation, allowing for unwanted variation.Biostatistics (Oxford, England) · 2020Article
- Novel reference genes in colorectal cancer identify a distinct subset of high stage tumors and their associated histologically normal colonic tissues.BMC medical genetics · 2019Article
- Article
- Identification of stable senescence-associated reference genes.Aging cell · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The searching of human housekeeping (HK) genes has been a long quest since the emergence of transcriptomics, and is instrumental for us to understand the structure of genome and the fundamentals of biological processes. The resolved genes are frequently used in evolution studies and as normalization standards in quantitative gene-expression analysis. Within the past 20 years, more than a dozen HK-gene studies have been conducted, yet none of them sampled human tissues completely. We believe an integration of these results will help remove false positive genes owing to the inadequate sampling. Surprisingly, we only find one common gene across 15 examined HK-gene datasets comprising 187 different tissue and cell types. Our subsequent analyses suggest that it might not be appropriate to rigidly define HK genes as expressed in all tissue types that have diverse developmental, physiological, and pathological states. It might be beneficial to use more robustly identified HK functions for filtering criteria, in which the representing genes can be a subset of genome. These genes are not necessarily the same, and perhaps need not to be the same, everywhere in our body.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.