ReviewJournal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN2015
Rationale and Approaches to Phosphate and Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 Reduction in CKD.
Review in Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02258074 (The COMBINE Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The COMBINE Study: The CKD Optimal Management With BInders and NicotinamidE
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 133 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of fibroblast growth factor 23 lowering modalities in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International urology and nephrology · 2022Pooled it
- A Randomized Trial on the Effect of Phosphate Reduction on Vascular End Points in CKD (IMPROVE-CKD).Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2020Trial
- Effects of Nicotinamide and Lanthanum Carbonate on Serum Phosphate and Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 in CKD: The COMBINE Trial.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2019Trial
- The effects of tenapanor on serum fibroblast growth factor 23 in patients receiving hemodialysis with hyperphosphatemia.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2019Trial
- Serum Phosphorus and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease, All-Cause Mortality, or Graft Failure in Kidney Transplant Recipients: An Ancillary Study of the FAVORIT Trial Cohort.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2017Trial
- Association Between Dietary Regimen and Renal Function Parameters in African Pygmy Hedgehogs (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Analysis of risk factors for perioperative hyperamylasemia in kidney transplant recipients.Renal failure · 2025Article
- Non-Oxidised Parathyroid Hormone and a Panel of Markers of Calcium-Phosphate Metabolism for Analysis of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Selected Patient Groups-A Quality Assurance Project.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Assessment of Serum Phosphate Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Across Different Stages of Kidney Disease.Cureus · 2025Article
- The true cost of phosphate control in chronic kidney disease.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- The rationale for intermittent administration of PTH in the management of mineral and bone disorder of chronic kidney disease.Journal of nephrology · 2024Review
- U-shaped association between dietary niacin intake and chronic kidney disease among US elderly: a nationwide cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- FGF23 and klotho at the intersection of kidney and cardiovascular disease.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2024Review
- Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 is associated with the bone-vessel axis in chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder.Renal failure · 2023Article
- The open system of FGF-23 at the crossroad between additional P-lowering therapy, anemia and inflammation: how to deal with the intact and the C-terminal assays?Clinical kidney journal · 2023Article
- Experimental heart failure models in small animals.Heart failure reviews · 2023Review
- Review
- Strategies to lower fibroblast growth factor 23 bioactivity.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2022Article
- Targeted Disruption of a Proximal Tubule-Specific TMEM174 Gene in Mice Causes Hyperphosphatemia and Vascular Calcification.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2022Article
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Patients-Cardiologists Be Aware.Metabolites · 2022Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Patients with CKD often progress to ESRD and develop cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet available therapies only modestly improve clinical outcomes. Observational studies report independent associations between elevated serum phosphate and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels and risks of ESRD, CVD, and death. Phosphate excess induces arterial calcification, and although elevated FGF23 helps maintain serum phosphate levels in the normal range in CKD, it may contribute mechanistically to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Consistent epidemiologic and experimental findings suggest the need to test therapeutic approaches that lower phosphate and FGF23 in CKD. Dietary phosphate absorption is one modifiable determinant of serum phosphate and FGF23 levels. Limited data from pilot studies in patients with CKD stages 3-4 suggest that phosphate binders, low phosphate diets, or vitamin B3 derivatives, such as niacin or nicotinamide, may reduce dietary phosphate absorption and serum phosphate and FGF23 levels. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the deleterious systemic effects of phosphate and FGF23 excess, identifies questions that must be addressed before advancing to a full-scale clinical outcomes trial, and presents a novel therapeutic approach to lower serum phosphate and FGF23 levels that will be tested in the COMBINE Study: The CKD Optimal Management With BInders and NicotinamidE study.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.