ArticleOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2015
Role of vitamin D levels and vitamin D supplementation on bone mineral density in Klinefelter syndrome.
Article in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical practice guidelines for the management of differences of sex development in Japan.Endocrine journal · 2026Guideline
- Testosterone supplementation and bone parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis study.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2022Pooled it
- Relationship of Vitamin D status with testosterone levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Endocrine · 2021Pooled it
- Testosterone treatment in male patients with Klinefelter syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2020Pooled it
- The effects of Vitamin D3 supplementation on Spermatogram and endocrine factors in asthenozoospermia infertile men: a randomized, triple blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2021Trial
- Clinical practice guidelines for the management of differences of sex development in Japan.Clinical pediatric endocrinology : case reports and clinical investigations : official journal of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Klinefelter syndrome beyond hypogonadism: multisystem manifestations and a framework for clinical surveillance.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Cortical bone status and its determinants in pediatric Klinefelter syndrome.Endocrine connections · 2025Article
- Vitamin D in Disease Prevention and Cure-Part I: An Update on Molecular Mechanism and Significance on Human Health.Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB · 2025Review
- The Impact of Vitamin D on Androgens and Anabolic Steroids among Adult Males: A Meta-Analytic Review.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Description of bone health in adolescents and young persons with Klinefelter syndrome - results from a pilot study.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2024Article
- Osteoporosis and bone metabolism in patients with Klinefelter syndrome.Endocrine connections · 2023Review
- New developments and future trajectories in supernumerary sex chromosome abnormalities: a summary of the 2022 3rd International Workshop on Klinefelter Syndrome, Trisomy X, and XYY.Endocrine connections · 2023Review
- The complications of male hypogonadism: is it just a matter of low testosterone?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- FSH and bone: Comparison between males with central versus primary hypogonadism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Observational
- Article
- Morbidity in Klinefelter syndrome and the effect of testosterone treatment.American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics · 2020Review
- Vitamin D and Male Fertility: An Updated Review.The world journal of men's health · 2020Review
- Klinefelter syndrome: From pediatrics to geriatrics.Reproductive medicine and biology · 2019Review
- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Klinefelter Syndrome.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
unlabelledThis manuscript describes the role of low vitamin D in bone metabolism of Klinefelter subjects. Low vitamin D is frequent in this condition and seems to be more important than testosterone in inducing low bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis. Supplementation with vitamin D restores BMD after 2 years of treatment, whereas testosterone alone seems to be ineffective.
introductionDecreased bone mineral density (BMD) in Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is frequent, and it has been traditionally related to low testosterone (T) levels. However, low BMD can be observed also in patients with normal T levels and T replacement therapy does not necessarily increase bone mass in these patients. Nothing is known about vitamin D levels and supplementation in KS. In this study, we determine vitamin D status and bone mass in KS subjects and compare the efficacy of T therapy and vitamin D supplementation on BMD.
methodsA total of 127 non-mosaic KS patients and 60 age-matched male controls were evaluated with reproductive hormones, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, PTH, and bone densitometry by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Patients with hypogonadism and/or 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency were treated with T-gel 2% and/or calcifediol and re-evaluated after 24 months of treatment.
results25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were significantly lower in KS patients with respect to controls, and they had significantly lower lumbar and femoral BMD. The percentage of osteopenia/osteoporosis in subjects with 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency was higher with respect to subjects with normal 25-hydroxyvitamin D and was not related to the presence/absence of low T levels. Subjects treated with calcifediol or T + calcifediol had a significant increase in lumbar BMD after treatment. No difference was found in T-treated group.
conclusionsThese data highlight that low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels seem to have a more critical role than low T levels in inducing low BMD in KS subjects. Furthermore, vitamin D supplementation seems to be more effective than T replacement therapy alone in increasing BMD.
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