ArticlePloS one2015
A mass spectrometry-based assay for improved quantitative measurements of efflux pump inhibition.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Flavonoids identified in AustralianMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Accessing Citrus and Soybean Flavonoids as Potential Efflux Pump Inhibitors in Drug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Assessment of the Antimicrobial Activity ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Impact of Plant-Derived Polyphenols on Combating Efflux-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Plant-Derived Antimicrobials and Their Crucial Role in Combating Antimicrobial Resistance.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Thymoquinone' potent impairment of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NorA efflux pump activity.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A comprehensive account on ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacological insights of genusHeliyon · 2024Review
- Pharmacological Potential of Kaempferol, a Flavonoid in the Management of Pathogenesis via Modulation of Inflammation and Other Biological Activities.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Bacterial Efflux Pump Inhibitors Reduce Antibiotic Resistance.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- One-pot synthesis of pyrazolo[4,3-RSC advances · 2023Article
- Phytochemicals as Invaluable Sources of Potent Antimicrobial Agents to Combat Antibiotic Resistance.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Interactions between Medical Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds: Focus on Antimicrobial Combination Effects.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- LC-MS/MS-Based Fungicide Accumulation Assay to Demonstrate Efflux Activity in the Wheat PathogenMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Escaping mechanisms of ESKAPE pathogens from antibiotics and their targeting by natural compounds.Biotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2022Article
- Phenolic Compound Ethyl 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoate Retards Drug Efflux and Potentiates Antibiotic Activity.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Progress in Alternative Strategies to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance: Focus on Antibiotics.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Tackling Multiple-Drug-Resistant Bacteria With Conventional and Complex Phytochemicals.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Phenotypic screening of compound libraries as a platform for the identification of antibiotic adjuvants: Identification of colistin adjuvants from a natural product library.Methods in enzymology · 2022Article
- Natural Biocidal Compounds of Plant Origin as Biodegradable Materials Modifiers.Journal of polymers and the environment · 2022Review
- Antibacterial Modes of Herbal Flavonoids Combat Resistant Bacteria.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Bacterial efflux pumps are active transport proteins responsible for resistance to selected biocides and antibiotics. It has been shown that production of efflux pumps is up-regulated in a number of highly pathogenic bacteria, including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Thus, the identification of new bacterial efflux pump inhibitors is a topic of great interest. Existing assays to evaluate efflux pump inhibitory activity rely on fluorescence by an efflux pump substrate. When employing these assays to evaluate efflux pump inhibitory activity of plant extracts and some purified compounds, we observed severe optical interference that gave rise to false negative results. To circumvent this problem, a new mass spectrometry-based method was developed for the quantitative measurement of bacterial efflux pump inhibition. The assay was employed to evaluate efflux pump inhibitory activity of a crude extract of the botanical Hydrastis Canadensis, and to compare the efflux pump inhibitory activity of several pure flavonoids. The flavonoid quercetin, which appeared to be completely inactive with a fluorescence-based method, showed an IC50 value of 75 μg/mL with the new method. The other flavonoids evaluated (apigenin, kaempferol, rhamnetin, luteolin, myricetin), were also active, with IC50 values ranging from 19 μg/mL to 75 μg/mL. The assay described herein could be useful in future screening efforts to identify efflux pump inhibitors, particularly in situations where optical interference precludes the application of methods that rely on fluorescence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.