Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25961797›Full record

ArticleNature structural & molecular biology2015

Cryptochrome 1 regulates the circadian clock through dynamic interactions with the BMAL1 C terminus.

Haiyan Xu, Chelsea L Gustafson, Patrick J Sammons, Sanjoy K Khan, Nicole C Parsley, Chidambaram Ramanathan, Hsiau-Wei Lee, Andrew C Liu, Carrie L Partch

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature structural & molecular biology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 117 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
117citing papers in PubMed
6.0field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

117 citing papers in PubMed, 166 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  6. The CLOCK-BMAL1 complex in circadian regulation: structure, mechanisms, and therapeutic targeting.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026
    Review
  7. Small Molecule Regulation of CLOCK:BMAL1 DNA Binding Activity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  8. Review
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  18. Review
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57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Haiyan Xu *Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee USA.
Chelsea L Gustafson *Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California USA.
Patrick J SammonsDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California USA.
Sanjoy K KhanDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee USA.
Nicole C ParsleyDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California USA.
Chidambaram RamanathanDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee USA.
Hsiau-Wei LeeDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California USA.
Andrew C LiuDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee USA.
Carrie L PartchDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California USA.
University of California, Santa Cruz · USUniversity of Memphis · US

Funding

Exploring the structural basis for 24-hour timekeeping in mammalsR01GM107069 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ · PI PARTCH, CARRIE L · 2013 to 2020
$3.2M
NIGMS NIH HHS GM107069NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM107069
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The molecular circadian clock in mammals is generated from transcriptional activation by the bHLH-PAS transcription factor CLOCK-BMAL1 and subsequent repression by PERIOD and CRYPTOCHROME (CRY). The mechanism by which CRYs repress CLOCK-BMAL1 to close the negative feedback loop and generate 24-h timing is not known. Here we show that, in mouse fibroblasts, CRY1 competes for binding with coactivators to the intrinsically unstructured C-terminal transactivation domain (TAD) of BMAL1 to establish a functional switch between activation and repression of CLOCK-BMAL1. TAD mutations that alter affinities for co-regulators affect the balance of repression and activation to consequently change the intrinsic circadian period or eliminate cycling altogether. Our results suggest that CRY1 fulfills its role as an essential circadian repressor by sequestering the TAD from coactivators, and they highlight regulation of the BMAL1 TAD as a critical mechanism for establishing circadian timing.

Indexed as

Circadian ClocksAnimalsARNTL Transcription FactorsCells, CulturedCryptochromesFibroblastsHumansMiceMice, KnockoutARNTL Transcription FactorsBmal1 protein, mouseCry1 protein, mouseCryptochromes

Identifiers

PMID25961797
PMCPMC4456216
OpenAlexW1585056952

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.