ArticleJournal of diabetes research2015
Immunological hypoglycemia associated with insulin antibodies induced by exogenous insulin in 11 Chinese patients with diabetes.
Article in Journal of diabetes research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low immunogenicity of insulin efsitora alfa in participants with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Basal Insulin Reduces Glucose Variability and Hypoglycaemia Compared to Premixed Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Study Based on Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Trial
- Clinical characteristics and individualized treatment strategies for children with type 1 diabetes and exogenous insulin antibody syndrome: a retrospective case series and literature review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Severe Insulin Resistance: Diagnosis and Management.Current diabetes reviews · 2026Review
- Case Report: Exogenous insulin antibody syndrome complicated with chronic renal failure and long-term history of type 2 diabetes: report of two cases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Article
- Exogenous insulin autoimmune syndrome: A case report and review of literature.World journal of clinical cases · 2024Article
- Association of subclass distribution of insulin antibody with glucose control in insulin-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective observational study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Observational
- The Application of the Insulin to C-Peptide Molar Ratio (ICPR) in Primary Screening for Insulin Antibodies in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Further Quantitative Study on the Relationship Between ICPR and Insulin Antibodies.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023Article
- Is the level of serum lactate dehydrogenase a potential biomarker for glucose monitoring with type 2 diabetes mellitus?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Characteristics of OGTT and Correlation Between the Insulin to C-Peptide Molar Ratio, HOMA-IR, and Insulin Antibodies in T2DM Patients.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2022Article
- Type 1 diabetes complicated with cyclic vomiting syndrome and exogenous insulin antibody syndrome: A case report.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Exogenous insulin antibody syndrome treated with plasma exchange after an incomplete response to immunosuppressive therapy.Journal of clinical apheresis · 2021Article
- Clinical and Laboratory Aspects of Insulin Autoantibody-Mediated Glycaemic Dysregulation and Hyperinsulinaemic Hypoglycaemia: Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome and Exogenous Insulin Antibody Syndrome.The Clinical biochemist. Reviews · 2020Review
- Association of Higher Circulating Insulin Antibody with Increased Mean Amplitude Glycemic Excursion in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional, Retrospective Case-Control Study.Journal of diabetes research · 2019Article
- Exogenous insulin antibody syndrome (EIAS): a clinical syndrome associated with insulin antibodies induced by exogenous insulin in diabetic patients.Endocrine connections · 2018Review
- Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia associated with insulin antibodies caused by exogenous insulin analog.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsTo investigate the characteristics of immunological hypoglycemia associated with insulin antibodies (IAbs) induced by exogenous insulin in Chinese patients with diabetes.
methodsThe clinical data of patients with immunological hypoglycemia due to IAbs were retrospectively analyzed by screening patients with diabetes discharged from West China Hospital from 2007 to 2013.
resultsA total of 11 patients (eight men and three women) were identified. Insulin-C-peptide separation was found in all patients via insulin and C-peptide release test. Previous insulin use was ceased after admission and was switched to oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) (8/11), lifestyle modification only (2/11), or regular human insulin (1/11). Hypoglycemia was ameliorated after a median of 20 days (interquartile range [IQR], 11-40), while IAbs turned negative after a median of 17 months (IQR, 4-19), and serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI) levels dropped substantially after a median of 22 months (IQR, 9-32) in these cases.
conclusionsIn insulin-treated patients with unexpected and refractory hypoglycemia even after insulin therapy was gradually reduced or even withdrawn, IAbs induced by exogenous insulin should be considered, and insulin withdrawal might be promptly needed. The course of immunological hypoglycemia was benign and self-limited.
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