Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25960650›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of nanomedicine2015

Magnetic particle imaging: current developments and future directions.

Nikolaos Panagiotopoulos, Robert L Duschka, Mandy Ahlborg, Gael Bringout, Christina Debbeler, Matthias Graeser, Christian Kaethner, Kerstin Lüdtke-Buzug, Hanne Medimagh, Jan Stelzner and 4 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of nanomedicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
102citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

102 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Multifunctional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Probes.Recent results in cancer research. Fortschritte der Krebsforschung. Progres dans les recherches sur le cancer · 2026
    Review
  4. Innovative Nanocarriers: Magnetosomes in the Fight against Cancer.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Machine Learning and Deep Learning Applications in Magnetic Particle Imaging.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2025
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Nikolaos PanagiotopoulosClinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany.
Robert L DuschkaClinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany.
Mandy AhlborgInstitute of Medical Engineering, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Gael BringoutInstitute of Medical Engineering, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Christina DebbelerInstitute of Medical Engineering, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Matthias GraeserInstitute of Medical Engineering, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Christian KaethnerInstitute of Medical Engineering, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Kerstin Lüdtke-BuzugInstitute of Medical Engineering, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Hanne MedimaghInstitute of Medical Engineering, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Jan StelznerInstitute of Medical Engineering, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Thorsten M BuzugInstitute of Medical Engineering, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Jörg BarkhausenClinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany.
Florian M VogtClinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany.
Julian HaegeleClinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a novel imaging method that was first proposed by Gleich and Weizenecker in 2005. Applying static and dynamic magnetic fields, MPI exploits the unique characteristics of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). The SPIONs' response allows a three-dimensional visualization of their distribution in space with a superb contrast, a very high temporal and good spatial resolution. Essentially, it is the SPIONs' superparamagnetic characteristics, the fact that they are magnetically saturable, and the harmonic composition of the SPIONs' response that make MPI possible at all. As SPIONs are the essential element of MPI, the development of customized nanoparticles is pursued with the greatest effort by many groups. Their objective is the creation of a SPION or a conglomerate of particles that will feature a much higher MPI performance than nanoparticles currently available commercially. A particle's MPI performance and suitability is characterized by parameters such as the strength of its MPI signal, its biocompatibility, or its pharmacokinetics. Some of the most important adjuster bolts to tune them are the particles' iron core and hydrodynamic diameter, their anisotropy, the composition of the particles' suspension, and their coating. As a three-dimensional, real-time imaging modality that is free of ionizing radiation, MPI appears ideally suited for applications such as vascular imaging and interventions as well as cellular and targeted imaging. A number of different theories and technical approaches on the way to the actual implementation of the basic concept of MPI have been seen in the last few years. Research groups around the world are working on different scanner geometries, from closed bore systems to single-sided scanners, and use reconstruction methods that are either based on actual calibration measurements or on theoretical models. This review aims at giving an overview of current developments and future directions in MPI about a decade after its first appearance.

Indexed as

Diagnostic ImagingMagnetite NanoparticlesMagnetite Nanoparticlescardiovascular interventionsmagnetic particle imagingmagnetic particle spectrometerperipheral nerve stimulationsuperparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

Identifiers

PMID25960650
PMCPMC4411024

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.