Trial reportBJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology2015
Self-hypnosis for intrapartum pain management in pregnant nulliparous women: a randomised controlled trial of clinical effectiveness.
Trial report in BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions for fear of childbirth including tocophobia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Hypnosis for pain management during labour and childbirth.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Cost analysis of the CTLB Study, a multitherapy antenatal education programme to reduce routine interventions in labour.BMJ open · 2018Trial
- Trial
- The feasibility and acceptability of using the Mother-Generated Index (MGI) as a Patient Reported Outcome Measure in a randomised controlled trial of maternity care.BMC medical research methodology · 2015Trial
- Unexpected consequences: women's experiences of a self-hypnosis intervention to help with pain relief during labour.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2015Trial
- Personality-Related Characteristics, Cultural Beliefs, and Labor Pain Perception After the 2023 Türkiye Earthquakes: A Prospective Study in Hatay.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The role of antenatal relaxation practices in enhancing maternal psychological wellbeing and childbirth experiences: an observational study.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025Article
- Impact of Hypnotherapy on Fear, Pain, and the Birth Experience: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Generating EQ-5D-3L health utility scores from the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale: a perinatal mapping study.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2024Observational
- Article
- Non-Pharmacological Pain Management in Labor: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Complementary Therapy Learning in the Setting of Lung Transplantation: A Single-Center Observational Study of Appropriation and Efficacy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Facilitating Perinatal Access to Resources and Support (PeARS): a feasibility study with external pilot of a novel intervention.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Article
- Do stress and anxiety in early pregnancy affect the progress of labor: Evidence from the Wirral Child Health and Development Study.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2021Article
- Spotlight on maternal mental health: a prepandemic and postpandemic priority.Evidence-based nursing · 2021Article
- Article
- Hypnotherapy in management of delivery pain: a review.European journal of translational myology · 2019Article
- Service Evaluation of Relaxation Workshops for Pregnant Women.The Journal of perinatal education · 2018Article
- New Labor Pain Treatment Options.Current pain and headache reports · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 11 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objective(Primary) To establish the effect of antenatal group self-hypnosis for nulliparous women on intra-partum epidural use.
designMulti-method randomised control trial (RCT).
settingThree NHS Trusts. POPULATION: Nulliparous women not planning elective caesarean, without medication for hypertension and without psychological illness.
methodsRandomisation at 28-32 weeks' gestation to usual care, or to usual care plus brief self-hypnosis training (two × 90-minute groups at around 32 and 35 weeks' gestation; daily audio self-hypnosis CD). Follow up at 2 and 6 weeks postnatal.
main outcome measuresPrimary: epidural analgesia. Secondary: associated clinical and psychological outcomes; cost analysis.
resultsSix hundred and eighty women were randomised. There was no statistically significant difference in epidural use: 27.9% (intervention), 30.3% (control), odds ratio (OR) 0.89 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.64-1.24], or in 27 of 29 pre-specified secondary clinical and psychological outcomes. Women in the intervention group had lower actual than anticipated levels of fear and anxiety between baseline and 2 weeks post natal (anxiety: mean difference -0.72, 95% CI -1.16 to -0.28, P = 0.001); fear (mean difference -0.62, 95% CI -1.08 to -0.16, P = 0.009) [Correction added on 7 July 2015, after first online publication: 'Mean difference' replaced 'Odds ratio (OR)' in the preceding sentence.]. Postnatal response rates were 67% overall at 2 weeks. The additional cost in the intervention arm per woman was £4.83 (CI -£257.93 to £267.59).
conclusionsAllocation to two-third-trimester group self-hypnosis training sessions did not significantly reduce intra-partum epidural analgesia use or a range of other clinical and psychological variables. The impact of women's anxiety and fear about childbirth needs further investigation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.