ArticleBMC public health2015
Developing a smoke free homes initiative in Kerala, India.
Article in BMC public health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Patient and public involvement in health research in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2019Pooled it
- Designing, implementing and evaluating an educational program regarding the effects of second-hand smoke in pregnancy on the knowledge, attitude and performance of male smokers.Reproductive health · 2023Trial
- The impact of multiple interventions to reduce household exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke among women: a cluster randomized controlled trial in Kalutara district, Sri Lanka.BMC public health · 2017Trial
- COmmunities Facilitating incREasing Smoke-free Homes (CO-FRESH): co-developing a toolkit with local stakeholders in Indonesia and Malaysia.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Knowledge, Beliefs, and Behaviors Related to Secondhand Smoke and Smoking in the Home: A Qualitative Study With Men in Malaysia.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Effect of educational intervention in reducing exposure to second hand tobacco smoke among 12-year-old children as determined by their salivary cotinine levels and knowledge, attitude and behavior - a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in oral health · 2023Article
- Article
- Residential secondhand smoke in a densely populated urban setting: a qualitative exploration of psychosocial impacts, views and experiences.BMC public health · 2022Article
- The Effect of Couple's Motivational Interviewing on Exposure to Secondhand Smoke Among Pregnant Women at Home.Journal of family & reproductive health · 2022Article
- What Helps and What Hinders the Creation of a Smoke-free Home: A Qualitative Study of Fathers in Scotland.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Article
- Tobacco use and exposure to second-hand smoke among high school students in Ernakulum district, Kerala: A cross-sectional study.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- Housing Conditions, Neighborhood Physical Environment, and Secondhand Smoke Exposure at Home: Evidence from Chinese Rural-to-Urban Migrant Workers.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Fathers' Views and Experiences of Creating a Smoke-Free Home: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Tobacco Cessation Among Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients in Kerala, India: Patient and Provider Perspectives.Qualitative health research · 2019Article
- Designing an educational intervention on second-hand smoke in smoker men on the exposure of pregnant wives: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Reproductive health · 2019Article
- Smoke-free home initiative in Bantul, Indonesia: Development and preliminary evaluation.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2019Article
- Self-efficacy and perceived barriers of pregnant women regarding exposure to second-hand smoke at home.Journal of education and health promotion · 2019Article
- Exposure to secondhand smoke in Iranian pregnant women at home and the related factors.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundResults of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey in Kerala, India found that 42 % of adults were exposed to second hand smoke (SHS) inside the home. Formative research carried out in rural Kerala suggests that exposure may be much higher. Numerous studies have called for research and intervention on SHS exposure among women and children as an important component of maternal and child health activities.
methodsCommunity-based participatory research was carried out in Kerala. First, a survey was conducted to assess prevalence of SHS exposure in households. Next, a proof of concept study was conducted to develop and test the feasibility of a community-wide smoke free homes initiative. Educational materials were developed and pretested in focus groups. After feasibility was established, pilot studies were implemented in two other communities. Post intervention, surveys were conducted as a means of assessing changes in community support.
resultsAt baseline, between 70 and 80 % of male smokers regularly smoked inside the home. Over 80 % of women had asked their husband not to do so. Most women felt powerless to change their husband's behavior. When women were asked about supporting a smoke free homes intervention, 88 % expressed support for the idea, but many expressed doubt that their husbands would comply. Educational meetings were held to discuss the harms of second hand smoke. Community leaders signed a declaration that their community was part of the smoke free homes initiative. Six months post intervention a survey was conducted in these communities; between 34 and 59 % of men who smoked no longer smoked in their home.
conclusionsThe smoke free homes initiative is based on the principle of collective efficacy. Recognizing the difficulty for individual women to effect change in their household, the movement establishes a smoke free community mandate. Based on evaluation data from two pilot studies, we can project that between a 30 and 60 % reduction of smoking in the home may be achieved, the effect size determined by how well the smoke free home steps are implemented, the characteristics of the community, and the motivation of community level facilitators.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.