ArticleEuropean journal of epidemiology2016
Antibiotic exposure in the first year of life and later treated asthma, a population based birth cohort study of 143,000 children.
Article in European journal of epidemiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationship of prenatal antibiotic exposure and infant antibiotic administration with childhood allergies: a systematic review.BMC pediatrics · 2020Pooled it
- Link Between History of Neonatal Jaundice and Early Childhood Allergic Diseases in South Korea.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Article
- The impact of different strategies for modeling associations between medications at low doses and health outcomes: a simulation study and practical application to postpartum opioid use.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Current Understanding of Equine Gut Dysbiosis and Microbiota Manipulation Techniques: Comparison with Current Knowledge in Other Species.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- The Microbiota and Equine Asthma: An Integrative View of the Gut-Lung Axis.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Association between antibiotics and asthma risk among adults aged over 40 years: a nationally representative retrospective cohort study.BMJ open respiratory research · 2023Article
- Microbial Dysbiosis Tunes the Immune Response Towards Allergic Disease Outcomes.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2023Review
- Use of inhaled corticosteroids in preschool children and variability among pediatricians: a real-world analysis before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.BMC pediatrics · 2023Article
- Asthma occurrence in children and early life systemic antibiotic use: an incidence density study.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2023Article
- How an Immune-Factor-Based Formulation of Micro-Immunotherapy Could Interfere with the Physiological Processes Involved in the Atopic March.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Changes to Gut Microbiota Following Systemic Antibiotic Administration in Infants.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Association of infant antibiotic exposure and risk of childhood asthma: A meta-analysis.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2021Article
- The effects of antibiotic exposure on asthma in children with atopic dermatitis.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Association between vesicoureteral reflux, urinary tract infection and antibiotics exposure in infancy and risk of childhood asthma.PloS one · 2021Article
- First 1000 Days of Life: Consequences of Antibiotics on Gut Microbiota.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Antibiotic exposure in early life and development of childhood asthma.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2020Article
- First-Year Antibiotics Exposure in Relation to Childhood Asthma, Allergies, and Airway Illnesses.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Risk of Prevalent Asthma among Children Affected by Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-Based Birth Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Perinatal and Antibiotic Exposures and the Risk of Developing Childhood-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study Based on a Population-Based Birth Cohort.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Human Respiratory and Gut Microbiomes-Do They Really Contribute to Respiratory Health?Frontiers in pediatrics · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies reported an association between antibiotic consumption in the first year of life and later asthma, but results are conflicting and affected by potential biases. We examined this controversial issue in a population-based birth cohort. Using administrative data, we identified 143,163 children born in 1995-2011 in Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italy) (median follow-up 5.25 years, 927,350 person-years). Antibiotic prescriptions in the first year of life and subsequent treated asthma (defined as ≥2 anti-asthmatic drug prescriptions within a 12-month period) were retrieved from drug prescription records. We estimated incidence rate ratios (IRR) using Poisson regression models, adjusted for perinatal variables and for hospitalizations for infections in the first year of life. We identified 34,957 new-onset asthma cases. Antibiotic consumption in the first year of life increased the risk of new-onset asthma [IRR 1.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.48-1.54] with a dose-response relationship (p-trend <0.001). The risk was highest for asthma identified at 13-35 months of life (IRR 2.07, 95% CI 2.00-2.14), but remained statistically significant for asthma identified at 36-71 months (IRR 1.17, 95% CI 1.14-1.21) and at ≥72 months (IRR 1.15, 95% CI 1.08-1.22). Antibiotics increased the risk of current asthma at ≥6 years (IRR 1.35, 95% CI 1.30-1.41) and at ≥13 years of age (IRR 1.19, 95% CI 1.08-1.33). Antibiotic exposure in infancy is associated with an increased risk of asthma up to adolescence. The association detected at older ages is not explained by reverse causation; however, confounding by respiratory infections not leading to hospital admission cannot be excluded.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.