SynthesisClinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association2016
Lifestyle Intervention in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.
Synthesis in Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 122 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
122 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Guidelines on diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease in infants, children and adolescents: a joint consensus from Italian pediatric societies (SIP and SIGENP) -Part II: management.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Guideline
- Exploring the gut-exercise link: A systematic review of gastrointestinal disorders in physical activity.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Pooled it
- Association between physical activity and risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of sport and health science · 2024Pooled it
- How Effective Is Drinking Natural Mineral Water against Heartburn from Functional Dyspepsia, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, or Other Causes? A Systematic Review of Clinical Intervention Studies.Complementary medicine research · 2024Pooled it
- European guideline on obesity care in patients with gastrointestinal and liver diseases - Joint European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism / United European Gastroenterology guideline.United European gastroenterology journal · 2022Guideline
- Adiposity, diabetes, lifestyle factors and risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a Mendelian randomization study.European journal of epidemiology · 2022Pooled it
- AGA Clinical Practice Update on the Personalized Approach to the Evaluation and Management of GERD: Expert Review.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2022Guideline
- Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux Clinical Practice Guidelines: Joint Recommendations of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2018Guideline
- Trial
- Lansoprazole for persistent throat symptoms in secondary care: the TOPPITS RCT.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2021Trial
- Fiber-enriched diet helps to control symptoms and improves esophageal motility in patients with non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease.World journal of gastroenterology · 2018Trial
- Machine learning for screening laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms in college students: a cross-sectional study.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- A Responsible AI Readiness Framework for Digital Self-Management Platforms: Illustrative Application to a Rule-Based GERD Platform.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Lifestyle Factors Associated With Reflux Symptoms Without Erosive Esophagitis in Japanese Individuals With and Without Obesity Undergoing Health Checkups: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of general and family medicine · 2026Article
- Relationship between metabolic syndrome-related parameters and endoscopic classification of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a Japanese health checkup cohort study.Esophagus : official journal of the Japan Esophageal Society · 2026Article
- Ineffective Esophageal Motility and Its Predictors in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Patients with Pathologic Acid Exposure Time.Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility · 2026Article
- Innovative Tools and Perspectives in Cough Management: Cancer and Cough.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2026Review
- Observational
- Article
- Acid peptic disorder compass: An Indian expert consensus on comprehensive management.World journal of gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Review
62 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) affects up to 30% of adults in Western populations and is increasing in prevalence. GERD is associated with lifestyle factors, particularly obesity and tobacco smoking, which also threatens the patient's general health. GERD carries the risk of several adverse outcomes and there is widespread use of potent acid-inhibitors, which are associated with long-term adverse effects. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the role of lifestyle intervention in the treatment of GERD.
methodsLiterature searches were performed in PubMed (from 1946), EMBASE (from 1980), and the Cochrane Library (no start date) to October 1, 2014. Meta-analyses, systematic reviews, randomized clinical trials (RCTs), and prospective observational studies were included.
resultsWeight loss was followed by decreased time with esophageal acid exposure in 2 RCTs (from 5.6% to 3.7% and from 8.0% to 5.5%), and reduced reflux symptoms in prospective observational studies. Tobacco smoking cessation reduced reflux symptoms in normal-weight individuals in a large prospective cohort study (odds ratio, 5.67). In RCTs, late evening meals increased time with supine acid exposure compared with early meals (5.2% point change), and head-of-the-bed elevation decreased time with supine acid exposure compared with a flat position (from 21% to 15%).
conclusionsWeight loss and tobacco smoking cessation should be recommended to GERD patients who are obese and smoke, respectively. Avoiding late evening meals and head-of-the-bed elevation is effective in nocturnal GERD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.