ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2015
Deletion of Fibrinogen-like Protein 2 (FGL-2), a Novel CD4+ CD25+ Treg Effector Molecule, Leads to Improved Control of Echinococcus multilocularis Infection in Mice.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Endometriosis immune microenvironment timing shifts: from immune escape to immune exhaustion.Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- Lipidomics of Bothrops atrox and Crotalus durissus ruruima venoms, the two major viperids involved in human envenomings in the Brazilian Amazon.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Innate Immune Response to Helminth Infections.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Exploring a pico-well based scRNA-seq method (HIVE) for simplified processing of equine bronchoalveolar lavage cells.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- FGL2 promotes tumour growth and attenuates infiltration of activated immune cells in melanoma and ovarian cancer models.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Regulatory T cells in lung disease and transplantation.Bioscience reports · 2023Review
- sFgl2-Treg Positive Feedback Pathway Protects against Atherosclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Primary Infection by E. multilocularis Induces Distinct Patterns of Cross Talk between Hepatic Natural Killer T Cells and Regulatory T Cells in Mice.Infection and immunity · 2022Article
- Development of allergen-specific IgE in a food-allergy model requires precisely timed B cell stimulation and is inhibited by Fgl2.Cell reports · 2022Article
- Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 signaling orchestrates immune tolerance inFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- CD3/TCRE Expression and Immunoregulatory Milieu Induced in a Secondary Intermediate Host by Different Phases of Hydatid Cyst.Acta parasitologica · 2021Article
- Modulation of the mTOR pathway plays a central role in dendritic cell functions after Echinococcus granulosus antigen recognition.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Regulatory T cells induce polarization of pro-repair macrophages by secreting sFGL2 into the endometriotic milieu.Communications biology · 2021Article
- Platelets and Regulatory T Cells May Induce a Type 2 Immunity That Is Conducive to the Progression and Fibrogenesis of Endometriosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Expansion of Host Regulatory T Cells by Secreted Products of the TapewormFrontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- The Therapeutic Potential of Regulatory T Cells: Challenges and Opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Helminth-induced Th2 cell dysfunction is distinct from exhaustion and is maintained in the absence of antigen.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- The importance of being parasiticidal… an update on drug development for the treatment of alveolar echinococcosis.Food and waterborne parasitology · 2019Article
- Echinococcosis: Advances in the 21st Century.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2019Review
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe growth potential of the tumor-like Echinococcus multilocularis metacestode (causing alveolar echinococcosis, AE) is directly linked to the nature/function of the periparasitic host immune-mediated processes. We previously showed that Fibrinogen-like-protein 2 (FGL2), a novel CD4+CD25+ Treg effector molecule, was over-expressed in the liver of mice experimentally infected with E. multilocularis. However, little is known about its contribution to the control of this chronic helminth infection. METHODS/
findingsKey parameters for infection outcome in E. multilocularis-infected fgl2-/- (AE-fgl2-/-) and wild type (AE-WT) mice at 1 and 4 month(s) post-infection were (i) parasite load (i. e. wet weight of parasitic metacestode tissue), and (ii) parasite cell proliferation as assessed by determining E. multilocularis 14-3-3 gene expression levels. Serum FGL2 levels were measured by ELISA. Spleen cells cultured with ConA for 48h or with E. multilocularis Vesicle Fluid (VF) for 96h were analyzed ex-vivo and in-vitro. In addition, spleen cells from non-infected WT mice were cultured with rFGL2/anti-FGL2 or rIL-17A/anti-IL-17A for further functional studies. For Treg-immune-suppression-assays, purified CD4+CD25+ Treg suspensions were incubated with CD4+ effector T cells in the presence of ConA and irradiated spleen cells as APCs. Flow cytometry and qRT-PCR were used to assess Treg, Th17-, Th1-, Th2-type immune responses and maturation of dendritic cells. We showed that AE-fgl2-/- mice exhibited (as compared to AE-WT-animals) (a) a significantly lower parasite load with reduced proliferation activity, (b) an increased T cell proliferative response to ConA, (c) reduced Treg numbers and function, and (d) a persistent capacity of Th1 polarization and DC maturation.
conclusionsFGL2 appears as one of the key players in immune regulatory processes favoring metacestode survival by promoting Treg cell activity and IL-17A production that contributes to FGL2-regulation. Prospectively, targeting FGL2 could be an option to develop an immunotherapy against AE and other chronic parasitic diseases.
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