Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25953452›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2016

Dietary inflammatory index and risk of lung cancer and other respiratory conditions among heavy smokers in the COSMOS screening study.

Patrick Maisonneuve, Nitin Shivappa, James R Hébert, Massimo Bellomi, Cristiano Rampinelli, Raffaella Bertolotti, Lorenzo Spaggiari, Domenico Palli, Giulia Veronesi, Patrizia Gnagnarella

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of nutrition, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
9.9field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and COPD: A Cross-Sectional Study from the NHANES.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Patrick MaisonneuveDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ramusio 1, 20141, Milan, Italy. patrick.maisonneuve@ieo.it.
Nitin ShivappaCancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
James R HébertCancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Massimo BellomiDivision of Radiology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
Cristiano RampinelliDivision of Radiology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
Raffaella BertolottiDivision of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
Lorenzo SpaggiariDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Domenico PalliMolecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy.
Giulia VeronesiDivision of Thoracic and General Surgery, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.
Patrizia GnagnarellaDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ramusio 1, 20141, Milan, Italy.
European Institute of Oncology · ITUniversity of South Carolina · USIRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital · ITPiedmont Reference Center for Epidemiology and Cancer Prevention · ITUniversity of Milan · IT

Funding

Expanding Mentoring Capacity in High-Risk PopulationsK05CA136975 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA · PI HEBERT, JAMES R · 2009 to 2013
$801k
NCI NIH HHS K05 CA136975
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo test whether the inflammatory potential of diet, as measured using the dietary inflammatory index (DII), is associated with risk of lung cancer or other respiratory conditions and to compare results obtained with those based on the aMED score, an established dietary index that measures adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet.

methodsIn 4336 heavy smokers enrolled in a prospective, non-randomized lung cancer screening program, we measured participants' diets at baseline using a self-administered food frequency questionnaire from which dietary scores were calculated. Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression models were used to assess association between the dietary indices and lung cancer diagnosed during annual screening, and other respiratory outcomes that were recorded at baseline, respectively.

resultsIn multivariable analysis, adjusted for baseline lung cancer risk (estimated from age, sex, smoking history, and asbestos exposure) and total energy, both DII and aMED scores were associated with dyspnoea (p trend = 0.046 and 0.02, respectively) and radiological evidence of emphysema (p trend = 0.0002 and 0.02). After mutual adjustment of the two dietary scores, only the association between DII and radiological evidence of emphysema (Q4 vs. Q1, OR 1.30, 95 % CI 1.01-1.67, p trend = 0.012) remained statistically significant. At univariate analysis, both DII and aMED were associated with lung cancer risk, but in fully adjusted multivariate analysis, only the association with aMED remained statistically significant (p trend = 0.04).

conclusionsAmong heavy smokers, a pro-inflammatory diet, as indicated by increasing DII score, is associated with dyspnoea and radiological evidence of emphysema. A traditional Mediterranean diet, which is associated with a lower DII, may lower lung cancer risk.

Indexed as

Diet, MediterraneanAgedAged, 80 and overEarly Detection of CancerEmphysemaFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansInflammationLogistic ModelsLung NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisNutrition AssessmentProportional Hazards ModelsDietary inflammatory indexDyspnoeaEmphysemaLung cancerLung functionMediterranean diet

Identifiers

PMID25953452
PMCPMC4846387
OpenAlexW339129971

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.