ArticlePLoS genetics2015
The Zinc-Finger Antiviral Protein ZAP Inhibits LINE and Alu Retrotransposition.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 108 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
108 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 143 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disrupting Mechanisms that Regulate Genomic Repeat Elements to Combat Cancer and Drug Resistance.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Pooled it
- Interactions of LINE-1 ORF1p with proteins and chromatin suggest a role in neuronal physiology.Life science alliance · 2026Article
- LINE-1 Retrotransposons and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Detection of endogenous LINE-1 ORF2p and its potent reverse transcriptase activity in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.The FEBS journal · 2026Article
- The interferon-stimulated gene product HERC5 inhibits human LINE-1 retrotransposition with an ISGylation-independent mechanism.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Repeats mimic pathogen-associated patterns across a vast evolutionary landscape.Cell genomics · 2025Article
- KHNYN is a manganese-dependent endoribonuclease required for ZAP-mediated antiviral restriction.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Article
- Opposing roles of pseudokinases NRBP1 and NRBP2 in regulating L1 retrotransposition.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Structural and biochemical studies of mobile retrotransposon proteins in action.Current opinion in structural biology · 2025Review
- SLFN11 Restricts LINE-1 Mobility.Cells · 2025Article
- Structural mechanism of LINE-1 target-primed reverse transcription.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Article
- Evolutionary analysis of ZAP and its cofactors identifies intrinsically disordered regions as central elements in host-pathogen interactions.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Human cytomegalovirus harnesses host L1 retrotransposon for efficient replication.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Article
- Retrotransposon life cycle and its impacts on cellular responses.RNA biology · 2024Review
- Versatility of the Zinc-Finger Antiviral Protein (ZAP) As a Modulator of Viral Infections.International journal of biological sciences · 2024Review
- Navigating the brain and aging: exploring the impact of transposable elements from health to disease.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Schlafen-5 inhibits LINE-1 retrotransposition.iScience · 2023Article
48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Long INterspersed Element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) is the only active autonomous retrotransposon in the human genome. To investigate the interplay between the L1 retrotransposition machinery and the host cell, we used co-immunoprecipitation in conjunction with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry to identify cellular proteins that interact with the L1 first open reading frame-encoded protein, ORF1p. We identified 39 ORF1p-interacting candidate proteins including the zinc-finger antiviral protein (ZAP or ZC3HAV1). Here we show that the interaction between ZAP and ORF1p requires RNA and that ZAP overexpression in HeLa cells inhibits the retrotransposition of engineered human L1 and Alu elements, an engineered mouse L1, and an engineered zebrafish LINE-2 element. Consistently, siRNA-mediated depletion of endogenous ZAP in HeLa cells led to a ~2-fold increase in human L1 retrotransposition. Fluorescence microscopy in cultured human cells demonstrated that ZAP co-localizes with L1 RNA, ORF1p, and stress granule associated proteins in cytoplasmic foci. Finally, molecular genetic and biochemical analyses indicate that ZAP reduces the accumulation of full-length L1 RNA and the L1-encoded proteins, yielding mechanistic insight about how ZAP may inhibit L1 retrotransposition. Together, these data suggest that ZAP inhibits the retrotransposition of LINE and Alu elements.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.