ArticleToxicology international
Assessment of Mycotoxin Exposure in Côte d'ivoire (Ivory Coast) Through Multi-Biomarker Analysis and Possible Correlation with Food Consumption Patterns.
Article in Toxicology international. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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11 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diversity and toxigenic potential of Aspergillus section Flavi strains associated with maize and its main by-products in northern Côte d'Ivoire.Mycotoxin research · 2026Article
- Mycotoxin Research in Algeria: A Comprehensive Review of Trends, Challenges, and Future Directions.Toxins · 2025Review
- Phenolic compounds and safety of improved and local peanut varieties grown in Burkina Faso.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Algerian Workers' Exposure to Mycotoxins-A Biomonitoring Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Review
- Six Main Contributing Factors to High Levels of Mycotoxin Contamination in African Foods.Toxins · 2022Review
- Assessment of Dietary Exposure to Ochratoxin A in Lebanese Students and Its Urinary Biomarker Analysis.Toxins · 2021Article
- Association between Urinary Levels of Aflatoxin and Consumption of Food Linked to Maize or Cow Milk or Dairy Products.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Frequency and levels of aflatoxin MMycotoxin research · 2019Article
- Aflatoxins in rice: Worldwide occurrence and public health perspectives.Toxicology reports · 2019Review
- Appropriateness to set a group health-based guidance value for fumonisins and their modified forms.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
scopeThe aim of the presented study was to investigate the mycotoxin exposure of Ivorian population related to the consumption patterns of maize, peanuts, millet, and cassava product (attiéké). MATERIALS AND
methodsMaize flour samples (n = 51) were purchased from all Abidjan local markets, in the south of Ivory Coast, and urine (n = 99) was collected during the same reference period (July-September 2011) from volunteers living in Abidjan and Daloa cities. Reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) was used to analyze aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2), ochratoxin A (OTA), fumonisins (FB1, FB2), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA), and T-2 and HT-2 toxins in maize flour samples, and their relevant biomarkers (AFM1, DON, DON + de-epoxydeoxynivalenol (DOM-1), FB1, α-zearalenol (ZOL), β-ZOL, and OTA) in urine samples.
resultsCritical maize contamination was observed by AFs occurrence (total AFs 4.5 - 330.0 μg/kg) while OTA was found in 13% of samples analyzed. AFM1 was detected in 40% of urines samples (0.06 - 14.11 ng/ml), OTA in 37% (0.01 - 0.42 ng/ml), FB1 in 27% (0.07 to 15.31 ng/ml) and, DON was found in 21% of samples at levels up to 10.0 ng/ml. The correlation coefficients (R(2)) obtained by plotting the percentage of biomarker occurrence (positive samples) versus the frequency of food consumption revealed maize, peanuts, millet and attiéké were strongly linked to AFB1 and OTA exposure with values of R(2) ranged from 0.462 to 0.956.
conclusionThe present study provided data on mycotoxin risk in Ivory Coast, revealing a frequent co-exposure to the major mycotoxins such as AFs, OTA, and fumonisins, which appeared to be related to the frequency of peanuts, maize, millet and attiéké consumption.
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