Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25948881›Full record

ArticleMediators of inflammation2015

Innate immunity components and cytokines in gastric mucosa in children with Helicobacter pylori infection.

Jacek Michalkiewicz, Anna Helmin-Basa, Renata Grzywa, Mieczyslawa Czerwionka-Szaflarska, Anna Szaflarska-Poplawska, Grazyna Mierzwa, Andrzej Marszalek, Magdalena Bodnar, Magdalena Nowak, Katarzyna Dzierzanowska-Fangrat

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Mediators of inflammation, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
5.6field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Nutrients · 2025
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  4. Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2025
    Review
  5. Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Immune response modulation in inflammatory bowel diseases byWorld journal of gastroenterology · 2023
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. In Peripheral Blood Mononuclear CellsInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Elevated Levels of Interferon-Journal of immunology research · 2017
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jacek MichalkiewiczChair of Immunology, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland ; Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-7773-1766
Anna Helmin-BasaChair of Immunology, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-1501-1637
Renata GrzywaDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-3733-2506
Mieczyslawa Czerwionka-SzaflarskaDepartment of Pediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Anna Szaflarska-PoplawskaDepartment of Pediatric Endoscopy and Gastrointestinal Function Testing, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Grazyna MierzwaDepartment of Pediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Andrzej MarszalekDepartment of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland ; Department of Oncologic Pathology, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Garbary 15, 61-866 Poznan, Poland.
Magdalena BodnarDepartment of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-3748-1058
Magdalena NowakDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland.
Katarzyna Dzierzanowska-FangratDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland ; Institute of Nursery and Public Health, Rzeszow University, Al. Rejtana 16A, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland.
Nicolaus Copernicus University · PLChildren's Memorial Health Institute · PL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PURPOSE. To investigate the expression of innate immunity components and cytokines in the gastric mucosa among H. pylori infected and uninfected children. Materials and Methods. Biopsies of the antral gastric mucosa from children with dyspeptic symptoms were evaluated. Gene expressions of innate immunity receptors and cytokines were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. The protein expression of selected molecules was tested by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS. H. pylori infection did not lead to a significant upregulation of MyD88, TLR2, TLR4, CD14, TREM1, and TREM2 mRNA expression but instead resulted in high mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and CD163. H. pylori cagA(+) infection was associated with higher IL-6 and IL-10 mRNA expression, as compared to cagA(-) strains. H. pylori infected children showed increased IFN-γ and TNF-α protein levels. IFN-γ mRNA expression correlated with both H. pylori density of colonization and lymphocytic infiltration in the gastric mucosa, whereas TNF-α protein expression correlated with bacterial density. CONCLUSION. H. pylori infection in children was characterized by (a) Th1 expression profile, (b) lack of mRNA overexpression of natural immunity receptors, and (c) strong anti-inflammatory activities in the gastric mucosa, possibly resulting from increased activity of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. This may explain the mildly inflammatory gastric inflammation often observed among H. pylori infected children.

Indexed as

Immunity, InnateAdolescentAntigens, CDAntigens, Differentiation, MyelomonocyticCD163 AntigenChildCytokinesDyspepsiaEndoscopyFemaleGastric MucosaGene Expression RegulationGenotypeHelicobacter InfectionsHelicobacter pyloriHumansAntigens, CDAntigens, Differentiation, MyelomonocyticCD163 AntigenCytokinesIFNG protein, humanIL10 protein, humanInterferon-gammaInterleukin-10MYD88 protein, humanMyeloid Differentiation Factor 88Receptors, Cell SurfaceTLR2 protein, humanTLR4 protein, humanToll-Like Receptor 2Toll-Like Receptor 4Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Identifiers

PMID25948881
PMCPMC4407632
OpenAlexW1997180843

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.