ReviewMemorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz2015
Update on oral Chagas disease outbreaks in Venezuela: epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic approaches.
Review in Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Orally transmitted Chagas disease outbreaks in Latin America: a comprehensive systematic review and public health implications.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Triatomine Fauna and Natural Infection by Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi (Kinetoplastea: Trypanosomatidae) in the Caribbean Region of Panama, Colombia, and Venezuela: A Systematic Review.Neotropical entomology · 2025Pooled it
- Systematic review on the biology, ecology, genetic diversity and parasite transmission potential of Panstrongylus geniculatus (Latreille 1811) in Latin America.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2021Pooled it
- Temperature variability increases Trypanosoma cruzi load but not the extrinsic incubation period in Triatoma infestans.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Trypanosomatid parasites, translational research in a One Health, One World environment.Frontiers in chemistry · 2026Review
- Oral Route Infection byPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Chagas Disease: An Opportunistic Infection in AIDS.Current infectious disease reports · 2026Article
- High awareness, inadequate practices: a cross-sectional KAP study on Chagas disease in an endemic Venezuelan community.Tropical medicine and health · 2025Article
- Deforestation effects and house invasion by chagas disease vectors in Brazil.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prevalence, knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding Chagas disease in Guanare, Venezuela: a cross-sectional study.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Transmission of parasites to people via food: how can we determine their impact and why do we need to know?Food and waterborne parasitology · 2025Review
- The epidemiology of Chagas disease in the Americas.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Review
- Oral Chagas disease outbreak by bacaba juice ingestion: A century after Carlos Chagas' discovery, the disease is still hard to manage.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Community-serving research addressing climate change impacts on vector-borne diseases.The Lancet. Planetary health · 2024Review
- The importance of estimating the burden of disease from foodborne transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Review
- The interplay between temperature, Trypanosoma cruzi parasite load, and nutrition: Their effects on the development and life-cycle of the Chagas disease vector Rhodnius prolixus.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Chagas Disease in Europe.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Review
- Article
- Ten years follow-up of the largest oral Chagas disease outbreak: Cardiological prospective cohort study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Acute Chagas Disease Outbreak among Military Personnel, Colombia, 2021.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Orally transmitted Chagas disease has become a matter of concern due to outbreaks reported in four Latin American countries. Although several mechanisms for orally transmitted Chagas disease transmission have been proposed, food and beverages contaminated with whole infected triatomines or their faeces, which contain metacyclic trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi, seems to be the primary vehicle. In 2007, the first recognised outbreak of orally transmitted Chagas disease occurred in Venezuela and largest recorded outbreak at that time. Since then, 10 outbreaks (four in Caracas) with 249 cases (73.5% children) and 4% mortality have occurred. The absence of contact with the vector and of traditional cutaneous and Romana's signs, together with a florid spectrum of clinical manifestations during the acute phase, confuse the diagnosis of orally transmitted Chagas disease with other infectious diseases. The simultaneous detection of IgG and IgM by ELISA and the search for parasites in all individuals at risk have been valuable diagnostic tools for detecting acute cases. Follow-up studies regarding the microepidemics primarily affecting children has resulted in 70% infection persistence six years after anti-parasitic treatment. Panstrongylus geniculatus has been the incriminating vector in most cases. As a food-borne disease, this entity requires epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches that differ from those approaches used for traditional direct or cutaneous vector transmission.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.