Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25945038›Full record

ArticleDrug design, development and therapy2015

A novel glycyrrhetinic acid-modified oxaliplatin liposome for liver-targeting and in vitro/vivo evaluation.

Jingde Chen, Hong Jiang, Yin Wu, Yandong Li, Yong Gao

RetractedAbstract readRetracted Publication
In one paragraph

Article in Drug design, development and therapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Preparation andDrug delivery · 2019
    Article
  13. Development of 11-DGA-3-Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jingde ChenDepartment of Oncology and Hematology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Hong JiangDepartment of Oncology and Hematology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Yin WuDepartment of Oncology and Hematology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Yandong LiDepartment of Oncology and Hematology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Yong GaoDepartment of Oncology and Hematology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this study, oxaliplatin (OX) liposomes surface-modified with glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) were developed by the film-dispersion method. Their morphology, physical and chemical properties, and in vitro release performance were investigated. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) image showed that most liposomes were spherical particles with similar size and uniform dispersion. Both OX-liposomes and GA-OX-liposomes had an average size of 90 nm. They were negatively charged, with zeta potentials of -20.6 and -21.3 mV, respectively, and the entrapment efficiency values of both were higher than 94%. In vitro data showed that the application of liposomes could prolong the OX release. The relatively high correlation coefficient values obtained from analyzing the amount of drug released versus the square root of time depicted that release followed the Weibull model. No significant changes were observed after the addition of GA to the liposomes. In vivo, the relatively long time to reach the maximum plasma concentration of OX-liposomes suggested a sustained-release profile of liposomes, which was consistent with the results of the in vitro release study. The increased area under the curve and maximum plasma concentration of OX-liposomes and GA-OX-liposomes demonstrated an increased absorption. The drug concentration in tissues indicated that the GA-modified liposomes delivered OX mainly to liver after intravenous administration. In addition, no severe signs, such as appearance of epithelial necrosis or sloughing of epithelial cells, were detected in histology studies.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsArea Under CurveDrug Delivery SystemsDrug StabilityElectrochemistryGlycyrrhetinic AcidLiposomesLiverLiver NeoplasmsMiceOrganoplatinum CompoundsOxaliplatinParticle SizeRatsTissue DistributionAntineoplastic AgentsGlycyrrhetinic AcidLiposomesOrganoplatinum CompoundsOxaliplatinbiodistributiondrug deliverymodified liposomespharmacokineticstarget

Identifiers

PMID25945038
PMCPMC4408971

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.