ReviewProtein & cell2015
Intranasal and oral vaccination with protein-based antigens: advantages, challenges and formulation strategies.
Review in Protein & cell, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed.
- Oral delivery of Trichinella spiralis antigens by yeast-derived β-glucan particles enhances anti-helminth immunity.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Next-generation intranasal influenza vaccines: mechanisms, platforms, and translational progress.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Nanoparticles as Delivery Vehicles for Vaccines: The Use of Gold Nanoparticles.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2026Review
- Leveraging polysaccharide-derived nanocarriers to open new horizons in oral vaccine activation.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Development of an oral gut-targeted rabies virus-like particles (RVLPs) vaccine with mucosal immune adjuvant LTB via delivering of localized-release microparticles.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Probiotic-based oral vaccine mucosal delivery system enabling genetically encoded dual-antigen arrays.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Advances and prospects of respiratory mucosal vaccines: mechanisms, technologies, and clinical applications.NPJ vaccines · 2025Review
- Single-dose avian influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b hemagglutinin-Matrix-MNature communications · 2025Article
- Harnessing the Farm Effect: Microbial Products for the Treatment and Prevention of Asthma Throughout Life.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- One year duration of immunity of a combinationFrontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Sublingual immunization with E2-CD154 protein and the STING agonist c-di-AMP confers protection against classical swine fever virus in pigs.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Oral administration of glycyrrhizic acid with intramuscular injection of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine enhances the adaptive immune system.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Advancements in Nanoparticle-Based Adjuvants for Enhanced Tuberculosis Vaccination: A Review.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Local and systemic humoral immune responses to Histophilus somni recombinant antigens administered intranasally and subcutaneously to dairy calves.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Mannose and Lactobionic Acid in Nasal Vaccination: Enhancing Antigen Delivery via C-Type Lectin Receptors.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- A multi-epitope protein vaccine encapsulated in alginate nanoparticles as a candidate vaccine against Shigella sonnei.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Engineered probiotic Escherichia coli elicits immediate and long-term protection against influenza A virus in mice.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Article
- Personalized cancer vaccine design using AI-powered technologies.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Most pathogens initiate their infections at the human mucosal surface. Therefore, mucosal vaccination, especially through oral or intranasal administration routes, is highly desired for infectious diseases. Meanwhile, protein-based antigens provide a safer alternative to the whole pathogen or DNA based ones in vaccine development. However, the unique biopharmaceutical hurdles that intranasally or orally delivered protein vaccines need to overcome before they reach the sites of targeting, the relatively low immunogenicity, as well as the low stability of the protein antigens, require thoughtful and fine-tuned mucosal vaccine formulations, including the selection of immunostimulants, the identification of the suitable vaccine delivery system, and the determination of the exact composition and manufacturing conditions. This review aims to provide an up-to-date survey of the protein antigen-based vaccine formulation development, including the usage of immunostimulants and the optimization of vaccine delivery systems for intranasal and oral administrations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.