ArticleCellular & molecular immunology2016
Therapeutic effects of the artemisinin analog SM934 on lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice via inhibition of TLR-triggered B-cell activation and plasma cell formation.
Article in Cellular & molecular immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- Medicinal Plant Extracts and Natural Compounds for the Treatment of Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
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- Mechanisms and Clinical Significance of Endosomal Toll-Like Receptors in Neurological Diseases.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Immune cells in systemic lupus erythematosus: biology and traditional Chinese medicine therapy.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2025Review
- Single-nucleus transcriptomics reveal the morphogenesis and artemisinin biosynthesis in Artemisia annua glandular trichomes.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Proteomic analysis of B cells in peripheral lymphatic system reveals the dynamics during the systemic lupus erythematosus progression.Biophysics reports · 2025Article
- Pharmacological Mechanism of Chinese Medicine in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Narrative Review.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2025Review
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- Toll-like Receptor 9 Inhibition Mitigates Fibroproliferative Responses in Translational Models of Pulmonary Fibrosis.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Article
- EAF2 deficiency attenuates autoimmune disease iniScience · 2024Article
- Terpenes in the management of chronic kidney disease.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Review
- Dihydroartemisinin inhibits follicular helper T and B cells: implications for systemic lupus erythematosus treatment.Archives of pharmacal research · 2024Article
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- Role of sex in immune response and epigenetic mechanisms.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2024Review
- Advances in the study of artemisinin and its derivatives for the treatment of rheumatic skeletal disorders, autoimmune inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune disorders: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Mitochondrial DNA Sensing Pathogen Recognition Receptors in Systemic Sclerosis Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A Review.Current treatment options in rheumatology · 2023Article
- CD138 promotes the accumulation and activation of autoreactive T cells in autoimmune MRL/lpr mice.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Article
- Triptolide regulates the balance of Tfr/Tfh in lupus mice.Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2023Article
- A quinazoline derivative suppresses B cell hyper-activation and ameliorates the severity of systemic lupus erythematosus in mice.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We previously reported that SM934, a water-soluble artemisinin derivative, was a viable treatment in murine lupus models. In the current study, we further investigated the therapeutic effects of a modified dosage regimen of SM934 on lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice and explored its effects on B cell responses, a central pathogenic event in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). When orally administered twice-daily, SM934 significantly prolonged the life-span of MRL/lpr mice, ameliorated the lymphadenopathy symptoms and decreased the levels of serum anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs) and of the pathogenic cytokines IL-6, IL-10 and IL-21. Furthermore, SM934 treatment restored the B-cell compartment in the spleen of MRL/lpr mice by increasing quiescent B cell numbers, maintaining germinal center B-cell numbers, decreasing activated B cell numbers and reducing plasma cell (PC) numbers. Ex vivo, SM934 suppressed the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-triggered activation and proliferation of B cells, as well as antibody secretion. Moreover, the present study demonstrated that SM934 interfered with the B-cell intrinsic pathway by downregulating TLR7/9 mRNA expression, MyD88 protein expression and NF-κB phosphorylation. In human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), consistent with the results in MRL/lpr mice, SM934 inhibited TLR-associated B-cell activation and PC differentiation. In conclusion, a twice daily dosing regimen of SM934 had therapeutic effects on lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice by suppressing B cell activation and plasma cell formation.
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