ArticlePloS one2015
Decline in Coronary Mortality in Sweden between 1986 and 2002: Comparing Contributions from Primary and Secondary Prevention.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Swedish model of health dialogues, a combined individual- and community-based primary preventive program for cardiovascular disease, is associated with reduced mortality: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- The Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study re-examination: Rationale, design, methods, and management of incidental findings.Journal of internal medicine · 2026Observational
- Article
- Large Variation in Adherence to Diagnostic Guidelines in Hypertension Management in Swedish Primary Healthcare.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Article
- Prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in first-degree relatives: detecting AAA in adult offspring of AAA patients.BJS open · 2024Article
- Nuts and seeds consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and their risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Food & nutrition research · 2023Review
- Plaque characteristics and biomarkers predicting regression and progression of carotid atherosclerosis.Cell reports. Medicine · 2022Article
- Secular trends in serum lipid profiles in young adults in Norway, 2001-19.Atherosclerosis plus · 2022Article
- Long-Term Survival after Acute Myocardial Infarction in Lithuania during Transitional Period (1996-2015): Data from Population-Based Kaunas Ischemic Heart Disease Register.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Article
- Cardiovascular risk factors in relation to dietary patterns in 50-year-old men and women: a feasibility study of a short FFQ.Public health nutrition · 2019Article
- Do cardiovascular disease prevention programs in northern Sweden impact on population health? An interrupted time series analysis.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Although Coronary Mortality Has Decreased, Rates of Cardiovascular Disease Remain High: 21 Years of Follow-Up Comparing Cohorts of Men Born in 1913 With Men Born in 1943.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2018Article
- Decline in Cardiovascular Mortality: Possible Causes and Implications.Circulation research · 2017Review
- Greater decreases in cholesterol levels among individuals with high cardiovascular risk than among the general population: the northern Sweden MONICA study 1994 to 2014.European heart journal · 2016Article
- Primary prevention and risk factor reduction in coronary heart disease mortality among working aged men and women in eastern Finland over 40 years: population based observational study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2016Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe relative importance of risk factor reduction in healthy people (primary prevention) versus that in patients with coronary heart disease (secondary prevention) has been debated. We aimed to quantify the contribution of the two. METHODOLOGY: We used the previously validated IMPACT model to estimate contributions from primary prevention (reducing risk factors in the population, particularly smoking, cholesterol and systolic blood pressure) and from secondary prevention (reducing risk factors in coronary heart disease patients) in the Swedish population. PRINCIPAL
findingsBetween 1986 and 2002, about 8,690 fewer deaths were related to changes in the three major risk factors. Population cholesterol fell by 0.64 mmol/L, with approximately 5,210 fewer deaths attributable to diet changes (4,470 in healthy people740 in patients.) plus 810 to statin treatment (200 in healthy people, 610 in patients). Overall smoking prevalence decreased by 10.3%, resulting in 1,195 fewer deaths, attributable to smoking cessation (595 in healthy people, 600 in patients). Mean population systolic blood pressure fell by 2.6 mmHg, resulting in 900 fewer deaths (865 in healthy people, 35 in patients), plus 575 fewer deaths attributable to antihypertensive medication in healthy people. The majority of falls in deaths attributable to risk factors occurred in people without known heart disease: 6,705 fewer deaths compared with 1,985 fewer deaths in patients (secondary prevention), emphasizing the importance of promoting health interventions in the general population.
conclusionsThe largest effects on mortality came from primary prevention, giving markedly larger mortality reductions than secondary prevention.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.