ArticleHypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)2015
Longitudinal Blood Pressure Control, Long-Term Mortality, and Predictive Utility of Serum Liver Enzymes and Bilirubin in Hypertensive Patients.
Article in Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Blood pressure categories defined by the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline and all-cause mortality: a national cohort study in China and meta-analysis.Journal of human hypertension · 2022Pooled it
- Prognostic value of total bilirubin in patients with acute myocardial infarction: A meta-analysis.Medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Associations between serum levels of liver function biomarkers and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a prospective cohort study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Liver function tests in patients with hypertension in primary care: a prospective cohort study.BJGP open · 2024Article
- Higher serum alanine aminotransferase levels and the incidence of hypertension: The Kailuan cohort study.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Liver-function parameters are associated with incident hypertension in a large Taiwanese population follow-up study.Journal of human hypertension · 2023Article
- The physiology of bilirubin: health and disease equilibrium.Trends in molecular medicine · 2023Review
- Elevated Serum Total Bilirubin Might Indicate Poor Coronary Conditions for Unstable Angina Pectoris Patients beyond as a Cardiovascular Protector.Cardiovascular therapeutics · 2023Article
- Predictive biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in adult Canadian population.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2021Article
- Bilirubin Nanoparticles Protect Against Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Article
- Serum Bilirubin Levels in Overweight and Obese Individuals: The Importance of Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Responses.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Increased Uric Acid, Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase and Alkaline Phosphatase in Early-Pregnancy Associated With the Development of Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
- Association of Total Bilirubin With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in the General Population.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
- Association of Liver Transaminase Levels and Long-Term Blood Pressure Variability in Military Young Males: The CHIEF Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Higher serum total bilirubin predicts high risk of 3-year adverse outcomes in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2019Article
- Short-Term and Long-Term Blood Pressure Changes and the Risk of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality.BioMed research international · 2019Article
- Hyperbilirubinemia, Hypertension, and CKD: the Links.Current hypertension reports · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
There is accruing evidence from general population studies that serum bilirubin and liver enzymes affect blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular risk, but it is unclear whether these have an impact on hypertensive patients in terms of long-term survival or BP control. We analyzed 12 000 treated hypertensive individuals attending a tertiary care clinic followed up for 35 years for association between baseline liver function tests and cause-specific mortality after adjustment for conventional cardiovascular covariates. Generalized estimating equations were used to study the association of liver tests and follow-up BP. The total time at risk was 173 806 person years with median survival 32.3 years. Follow-up systolic BP over 5 years changed by -0.4 (alanine transaminase and bilirubin), +2.1(alkaline phosphatase), +0.9(γ-glutamyl transpeptidase) mm Hg for each standard deviation increase. Serum total bilirubin and alanine transaminase showed a significant negative association with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, whereas alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase showed a positive association and aspartate transaminase showed a U-shapedassociation. Serum bilirubin showed an incremental improvement of continuous net reclassification improvement by 8% to 26% for 25 year and 35 year cardiovascular mortality, whereas all liver markers together improved continuous net reclassification improvement by 19% to 47% compared with reference model. In hypertensive patients, serum liver enzymes and bilirubin within 4 standard deviations of the mean show independent effects on mortality and BP control. Our findings would support further studies to elucidate the mechanisms by which liver enzymes and bilirubin may exert an effect on BP and cardiovascular risk, but there is little support for using them in risk stratification.
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Registered trials
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