ArticlePediatrics2015
Tdap vaccine effectiveness in adolescents during the 2012 Washington State pertussis epidemic.
Article in Pediatrics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccine-Preventable Infections in Childcare Workers.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2020Pooled it
- Use of Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid, and Acellular Pertussis Vaccines: Updated Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2019.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2020Guideline
- Prevention of Pertussis, Tetanus, and Diphtheria with Vaccines in the United States: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2018Guideline
- Acellular pertussis vaccines effectiveness over time: A systematic review, meta-analysis and modeling study.PloS one · 2018Pooled it
- Randomized Controlled Trial of the Safety and Immunogenicity of Revaccination With Tetanus-Diphtheria-Acellular Pertussis Vaccine (Tdap) in Adults 10 Years After a Previous Dose.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2019Trial
- Immunogenicity and safety of a second booster dose of an acellular pertussis vaccine combined with reduced antigen content diphtheria-tetanus toxoids 10 years after a first booster in adolescence: An open, phase III, non-randomized, multi-center study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2018Trial
- Safety and immunogenicity of a combined Tetanus, Diphtheria, recombinant acellular Pertussis vaccine (TdaP) in healthy Thai adults.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2017Trial
- Review
- Pertussis vaccines, epidemiology and evolution.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Review
- Assessing the Impact of the 2020 Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists Case Definition for Pertussis on Reported Pertussis Cases.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- Controlled Human Infection with Bordetella pertussis.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2024Review
- Article
- Lessons from a mature acellular pertussis vaccination program and strategies to overcome suboptimal vaccine effectiveness.Expert review of vaccines · 2022Article
- Bordetella pertussis in School-Age Children, Adolescents and Adults: A Systematic Review of Epidemiology and Mortality in Europe.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2021Review
- Pertussis (Whooping Cough).The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Article
- Toward a Controlled Human Infection Model of Pertussis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Tetanus, diphtheria and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine for prevention of pertussis among adults aged 19 years and older in the United States: A cost-effectiveness analysis.Preventive medicine · 2020Article
- A qPCR assay for Bordetella pertussis cells that enumerates both live and dead bacteria.PloS one · 2020Article
- Successful Vaccines.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAcellular pertussis vaccines replaced whole-cell vaccines for the 5-dose childhood vaccination series in 1997. A sixth dose of pertussis-containing vaccine, tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis, adsorbed (Tdap), was recommended in 2005 for adolescents and adults. Studies examining Tdap vaccine effectiveness (VE) among adolescents who have received all acellular vaccines are limited.
methodsTo assess Tdap VE and duration of protection, we conducted a matched case-control study during the 2012 pertussis epidemic in Washington among adolescents born during 1993-2000. All pertussis cases reported from January 1 through June 30, 2012, in 7 counties were included; 3 controls were matched by primary provider clinic and birth year to each case. Vaccination histories were obtained through medical records, the state immunization registry, and parent interviews. Participants were classified by type of pertussis vaccine received on the basis of birth year: a mix of whole-cell and acellular vaccines (1993-1997) or all acellular vaccines (1998-2000). We used conditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios comparing Tdap receipt between cases and controls.
resultsAmong adolescents who received all acellular vaccines (450 cases, 1246 controls), overall Tdap VE was 63.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 50% to 74%). VE within 1 year of vaccination was 73% (95% CI: 60% to 82%). At 2 to 4 years postvaccination, VE declined to 34% (95% CI: -0.03% to 58%).
conclusionsTdap protection wanes within 2 to 4 years. Lack of long-term protection after vaccination is likely contributing to increases in pertussis among adolescents.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.