ArticleGenetic epidemiology2015
Influence of Smoking Status and Intensity on Discovery of Blood Pressure Loci Through Gene-Smoking Interactions.
Article in Genetic epidemiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Gene-by-Psychosocial Factor Interactions Influence Diastolic Blood Pressure in European and African Ancestry Populations: Meta-Analysis of Four Cohort Studies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2017Pooled it
- 2025 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2025Review
- Polygenic Interactions With Environmental Exposures in Blood Pressure Regulation: The HUNT Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Genetics of Hypertension: From Monogenic Analysis to GETomics.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2024Review
- 2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2024Review
- Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2023Review
- Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2021 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2021Article
- Article
- Novel and Known Gene-Smoking Interactions With cIMT Identified as Potential Drivers for Atherosclerosis Risk in West-African Populations of the AWI-Gen Study.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Article
- A Review of the Genetics of Hypertension with a Focus on Gene-Environment Interactions.Current hypertension reports · 2017Review
- Genome-Wide Gene-Sodium Interaction Analyses on Blood Pressure: The Genetic Epidemiology Network of Salt-Sensitivity Study.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGenetic variation accounts for approximately 30% of blood pressure (BP) variability but most of that variability has not been attributed to specific variants. Interactions between genes and BP-associated factors may explain some "missing heritability." Cigarette smoking increases BP after short-term exposure and decreases BP with longer exposure. Gene-smoking interactions have discovered novel BP loci, but the contribution of smoking status and intensity to gene discovery is unknown.
methodsWe analyzed gene-smoking intensity interactions for association with systolic BP (SBP) in three subgroups from the Framingham Heart Study: current smokers only (N = 1,057), current and former smokers ("ever smokers," N = 3,374), and all subjects (N = 6,710). We used three smoking intensity variables defined at cutoffs of 10, 15, and 20 cigarettes per day (CPD). We evaluated the 1 degree-of-freedom (df) interaction and 2df joint test using generalized estimating equations.
resultsAnalysis of current smokers using a CPD cutoff of 10 produced two loci associated with SBP. The rs9399633 minor allele was associated with increased SBP (5 mmHg) in heavy smokers (CPD > 10) but decreased SBP (7 mmHg) in light smokers (CPD ≤ 10). The rs11717948 minor allele was associated with decreased SBP (8 mmHg) in light smokers but decreased SBP (2 mmHg) in heavy smokers. Across all nine analyses, 19 additional loci reached P < 1 × 10(-6). DISCUSSION: Analysis of current smokers may have the highest power to detect gene-smoking interactions, despite the reduced sample size. Associations of loci near SASH1 and KLHL6/KLHL24 with SBP may be modulated by tobacco smoking.
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