Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25939430›Full record

ArticleJournal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society2015

Genipin crosslinking of cartilage enhances resistance to biochemical degradation and mechanical wear.

Megan E McGann, Craig M Bonitsky, Mariah L Jackson, Timothy C Ovaert, Stephen B Trippel, Diane R Wagner

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Meniscal repair: The current state and recent advances in augmentation.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2021
    Pooled it
  2. Mechanical Wear of Degraded Articular Cartilage.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Anisotropic properties of articular cartilage in an accelerated in vitro wear test.Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials · 2020
    Article
  12. [Effect of genipin pretreatment on type Ⅰ collagen mineralization].Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2019
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Evaluation of genipin for stabilization of decellularized porcine cartilage.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2017
    Article
  16. Genipin crosslinking decreases the mechanical wear and biochemical degradation of impacted cartilage in vitro.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2017
    Article
  17. Comparison of natural crosslinking agents for the stabilization of xenogenic articular cartilage.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2016
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Megan E McGann *Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame.
Craig M Bonitsky *Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame.
Mariah L JacksonDepartment of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame.
Timothy C OvaertDepartment of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame.
Stephen B TrippelIndiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.
Diane R WagnerDepartment of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame.
University of Notre Dame · USIndiana University School of Medicine

Funding

Gene Transfer Treatment of Articular Cartilage DamageR01AR047702 · NIAMS · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI TRIPPEL, STEPHEN B. · 2002 to 2014
$3.8M
NIAMS NIH HHS AR047702NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR047702
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Collagen crosslinking enhances many beneficial properties of articular cartilage, including resistance to chemical degradation and mechanical wear, but many crosslinking agents are cytotoxic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of genipin, a crosslinking agent with favorable biocompatibility and cytotoxicity, as a potential treatment to prevent the degradation and wear of articular cartilage. First, the impact of genipin concentration and treatment duration on the viscoelastic properties of bovine articular cartilage was quantified. Next, two short-term (15 min) genipin crosslinking treatments were chosen, and the change in collagenase digestion, cartilage wear, and the friction coefficient of the tissue with these treatments was measured. Finally, chondrocyte viability after exposure to these genipin treatments was assessed. Genipin treatment increased the stiffness of healthy, intact cartilage in a dose-dependent manner. The 15-min crosslinking treatments improved cartilage's resistance to both chemical degradation, particularly at the articular surface, and to damage due to mechanical wear. These enhancements were achieved without sacrificing the low coefficient of friction of the tissue and at a genipin dose that preserved chondrocyte viability. The results of this study suggest that collagen crosslinking via genipin may be a promising preventative treatment to slow the degradation of cartilage.

Indexed as

Stress, MechanicalAnimalsCartilageCattleCell SurvivalChondrocytesCollagenasesCross-Linking ReagentsDrug Evaluation, PreclinicalElasticityFrictionGardeniaIridoidsPlant ExtractsCollagenasesCross-Linking ReagentsgenipinIridoidsPlant Extractsarticular cartilagebiotribologycollagencollagenase digestioncrosslinkingcytotoxicityfrictiongenipinwear

Identifiers

PMID25939430
PMCPMC4591111
OpenAlexW1485761504

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.