ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2015
Changing the face of kynurenines and neurotoxicity: therapeutic considerations.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Kynurenine metabolites unchanged after multinutrient supplementation in children with ADHD: a secondary data analysis from the MADDY study.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Trial
- Effect of hormone therapy on tryptophan metabolism and atherosclerosis among postmenopausal women.Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society · 2025Trial
- Discovery of the 5-Chlorokynurenine Pathway in Lodopyridone Biosynthesis.Journal of natural products · 2026Article
- Targeted metabolomics to assess positive effects of empagliflozin in a Parkinson's disease model: focused on the kynurenine pathway and oxidative stress.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in cardiovascular diseases: mechanistic insights and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Production, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Strategies of Tryptophan Metabolites in CNS Diseases.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Kynurenines and Mitochondrial Disturbances in Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Relationships between brain activity, tryptophan-related gut metabolites, and autism symptomatology.Nature communications · 2025Observational
- Redefining Roles: A Paradigm Shift in Tryptophan-Kynurenine Metabolism for Innovative Clinical Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Chestnut Honey Attenuates Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Mice and Glutamate-Induced Neurotoxicity in HT22 Cells.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Alterations in the Blood Kynurenine Pathway Following Long-Term PM2.5 and PM10 Exposure: A Cross-Sectional Study.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Kynurenic Acid/AhR Signaling at the Junction of Inflammation and Cardiovascular Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Microbiota, Tryptophan and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptors as the Target Triad in Parkinson's Disease-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The Kynurenine Pathway in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Blood Concentrations of Tryptophan and Its Catabolites.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- The Tryptophan Metabolite Indole-3-Propionic Acid Raises Kynurenic Acid Levels in the Rat Brain In Vivo.International journal of tryptophan research : IJTR · 2024Article
- Caveolae with serotonin and NMDA receptors as promising targets for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.International journal of physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology · 2024Review
- In Silico Neuroprotective Effects of SpecificInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Neural cell isolation from adult macaques for high-throughput analyses and neurosphere cultures.Nature protocols · 2023Review
- Tryptophan Metabolism in Central Nervous System Diseases: Pathophysiology and Potential Therapeutic Strategies.Aging and disease · 2023Review
- Neuroprotective Effect of WhiteFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Kynurenines are the products of tryptophan metabolism. Among them, kynurenine and kynurenic acid are generally thought to have neuroprotective properties, while 3-hydroxykynurenine, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and quinolinic acid are considered neurotoxic. They participate in immunoregulation and inflammation and possess pro- or anti-excitotoxic properties, and their involvement in oxidative stress has also been suggested. Consequently, it is not surprising that kynurenines have been closely related to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis. More information about the less-known metabolites, picolinic and cinnabarinic acid, evaluation of new receptorial targets, such as aryl-hydrocarbon receptors, and intensive research on the field of the immunomodulatory function of kynurenines delineated the high importance of this pathway in general homeostasis. Emerging knowledge about the kynurenine pathway provides new target points for the development of therapeutical solutions against neurodegenerative diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.