ReviewThe Journal of clinical investigation2015
Checkpoints that control B cell development.
Review in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 155 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
155 citing papers in PubMed, 281 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dynamics of the human antibody repertoire after B cell depletion in systemic sclerosis.Science immunology · 2017Trial
- B Lymphocytes in Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: From Autoimmune Activation to Immunometabolic Heterogeneity and Precision Therapeutic Perspectives.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2026Review
- Dysregulated NF-κB dynamics impair proteostasis and drive premature differentiation in aging B cell development.Cell press blue · 2026Article
- Infectious bursal disease virus suppresses humoral immunity via blocking antibody affinity maturation in chickens.iScience · 2026Article
- Mechanism and therapeutic prospects of adipose tissue B lymphocytes in obesity and obesity‑associated metabolic diseases (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Type I Interferons as Contextual Regulators of B-Cell Tolerance in Type 1 Diabetes.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- SCOPE: Localizing fate-decision states and their regulatory drivers in single-cell differentiation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Association-induced folding governs surrogate light chain and pre-B cell receptor core assembly.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Glycosylation converts CD24 from a developmental marker into a glyco-immune checkpoint in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Restoring B cell intrinsic tolerance to lupus autoimmunity: a rational strategy for lupus treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Rituximab in Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: From Immunopathogenesis to Therapeutic Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Early-life stromal niches orchestrate B lymphopoiesis at the brain's borders.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Germline polymorphisms in the immunoglobulin kappa and lambda loci underpinning antibody light chain repertoire variability.Nature communications · 2025Article
- B-cell receptor signaling and microenvironment crosstalk in mantle cell lymphoma.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- Uncovering the regulatory landscape of early human B cell lymphopoiesis and its implications in the pathogenesis of B-ALL.Science advances · 2025Article
- A Single-Cell Atlas of Transcriptional and Immunoglobulin Repertoire Evolution in Early B Cell Development.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- An antibody-drug conjugate targeting VpreB1 for the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Blood neoplasia · 2025Article
- Identifying pyroptosis-related genes as novel therapeutic targets in diabetic foot ulceration.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- The comprehensive transcriptomic atlas of porcine immune tissues and the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) immune dynamics reveal core immune genes.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2025Article
- B cell immunometabolism in health and disease.Nature immunology · 2025Review
95 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
B cells differentiate from pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells (pHSCs) in a series of distinct stages. During early embryonic development, pHSCs migrate into the fetal liver, where they develop and mature to B cells in a transient wave, which preferentially populates epithelia and lung as well as gut-associated lymphoid tissues. This is followed by continuous B cell development throughout life in the bone marrow to immature B cells that migrate to secondary lymphoid tissues, where they mature. At early stages of development, before B cell maturation, the gene loci encoding the heavy and light chains of immunoglobulin that determine the B cell receptor composition undergo stepwise rearrangements of variable region-encoding gene segments. Throughout life, these gene rearrangements continuously generate B cell repertoires capable of recognizing a plethora of self-antigens and non-self-antigens. The microenvironment in which these B cell repertoires develop provide signaling molecules that play critical roles in promoting gene rearrangements, proliferation, survival, or apoptosis, and that help to distinguish self-reactive from non-self-reactive B cells at four distinct checkpoints. This refinement of the B cell repertoire directly contributes to immunity, and defects in the process contribute to autoimmune disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.