Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25938728›Full record

ReviewAnnual review of neuroscience2015

In search of a human self-regulation system.

William M Kelley, Dylan D Wagner, Todd F Heatherton

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Annual review of neuroscience, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
69citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

69 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Cue-elicited prefrontal gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) dynamics in cannabis use disorder.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. A multi-siteTranslational psychiatry · 2024
    Article
  11. Body mass index-dependent shifts along large-scale gradients in human cortical organization explain dietary regulatory success.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

William M KelleyDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755; email: william.kelley@dartmouth.edu.
Dylan D Wagner
Todd F Heatherton

Funding

SOCIAL EFFECTS OF THREATS TO SELFR01MH059282 · NIMH · DARTMOUTH COLLEGE · PI HAXBY, JAMES V · 2001 to 2020
$6.2M
Neural Predictors of Self-Regulation Failure and Success for Appetitive BehaviorR01DA022582 · NIDA · DARTMOUTH COLLEGE · PI HAXBY, JAMES V · 2006 to 2017
$3.8M
Alcohol Marketing and Underage DrinkingR01AA021347 · NIAAA · DARTMOUTH COLLEGE · PI SARGENT, JAMES D. · 2013 to 2017
$2.9M
Individual Differences in Resting State Connectivity and Self-Regulation FailureR21HL114092 · NHLBI · DARTMOUTH COLLEGE · PI HEATHERTON, TODD F · 2011 to 2012
$375k
NHLBI NIH HHS HL114092NHLBI NIH HHS R21 HL114092NIAAA NIH HHS AA021347NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA021347NIDA NIH HHS DA022582NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA022582NIMH NIH HHS MH59282NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH059282
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The capacity for self-regulation allows people to control their thoughts, behaviors, emotions, and desires. In spite of this impressive ability, failures of self-regulation are common and contribute to numerous societal problems, from obesity to drug addiction. Such failures frequently occur following exposure to highly tempting cues, during negative moods, or after self-regulatory resources have been depleted. Here we review the available neuroscientific evidence regarding self-regulation and its failures. At its core, self-regulation involves a critical balance between the strength of an impulse and an individual's ability to inhibit the desired behavior. Although neuroimaging and patient studies provide consistent evidence regarding the reward aspects of impulses and desires, the neural mechanisms that underlie the capacity for control have eluded consensus, with various executive control regions implicated in different studies. We outline the necessary properties for a self-regulation control system and suggest that the use of resting-state functional connectivity analyses may be useful for understanding how people regulate their behavior and why they sometimes fail in their attempts.

Indexed as

Self-ControlAnimalsBrainEmotionsExecutive FunctionHumansNeural PathwaysRewardcingulo-opercular networkdepletionfrontoparietal networkresting staterewardself-control

Identifiers

PMID25938728
PMCPMC4530781

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.