ReviewWorld journal of critical care medicine2015
Fluid and electrolyte overload in critically ill patients: An overview.
Review in World journal of critical care medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02914782 (An Open Monocentric Observational Study to Investigate Fluid- and Electrolyte Balance in Post Cardiac-surgery Patients in the ICU), which is not on this map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
An Open Monocentric Observational Study to Investigate Fluid- and Electrolyte Balance in Post Cardiac-surgery Patients in the ICU
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Applicability of respiratory variations in stroke volume and its surrogates for dynamic fluid responsiveness prediction in critically ill patients: a systematic review of the prevalence of required conditions.Revista Brasileira de terapia intensivaPooled it
- Trial
- Characterization and outcomes of cats with cardiomyopathy undergoing subcutaneous ureteral bypass device placement.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- [Association between adverse outcomes during hospitalization and early postnatal weight changes in term appropriate-for-gestational-age infants with early-onset sepsis].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2026Article
- Review
- Role of Spot Urine Sodium in Furosemide Stress Test in Volume-overloaded Critically Ill Patients with Acute Kidney Injury.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2024Article
- The Reality of Evaluating Urine Spot Sodium and Urine Spot Sodium Creatinine Ratio in Furosemide Stress Test as a New Biomarker in Diagnosing Progressive AKI in Critically Ill.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2024Article
- Impact of different intravenous bolus rates on fluid and electrolyte balance and mortality in critically ill patients.World journal of critical care medicine · 2024Review
- Review
- Article
- Fibrinogen-to-Albumin Ratio and Blood Urea Nitrogen-to-Albumin Ratio in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Review
- Sodium Balance Analysis In The Burn Resuscitation Period.Annals of burns and fire disasters · 2022Article
- Speckle tracking ultrasonography as a new tool to assess diaphragmatic function: a feasibility study.Ultrasonography (Seoul, Korea) · 2022Article
- Urine biochemistry assessment in the sequential evaluation of renal function: Time to think outside the box.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Using CPAP in COVID-19 patients outside of the intensive care setting: a comparison of survival and outcomes between dialysis and non-dialysis dependent patients.BMC nephrology · 2021Article
- The Effect of Serum Electrolyte Disturbances and Uric Acid Level on the Mortality of Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Turkish thoracic journal · 2020Article
- Association between postoperative fluid balance and mortality and morbidity in critically ill patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections: a retrospective study.Acute and critical care · 2020Article
- TMEM173 Drives Lethal Coagulation in Sepsis.Cell host & microbe · 2020Article
- Intravenous Fluid of Choice in Major Abdominal Surgery: A Systematic Review.Critical care research and practice · 2020Review
- Evaluation of the Relationship between Early Troponin Clearance and Short-Term Mortality in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure.Emergency medicine international · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fluids are considered the cornerstone of therapy for many shock states, particularly states that are associated with relative or absolute hypovolemia. Fluids are also commonly used for many other purposes, such as renal protection from endogenous and exogenous substances, for the safe dilution of medications and as "maintenance" fluids. However, a large amount of evidence from the last decade has shown that fluids can have deleterious effects on several organ functions, both from excessive amounts of fluids and from their non-physiological electrolyte composition. Additionally, fluid prescription is more common in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome whose kidneys may have impaired mechanisms of electrolyte and free water excretion. These processes have been studied as separate entities (hypernatremia, hyperchloremic acidosis and progressive fluid accumulation) leading to worse outcomes in many clinical scenarios, including but not limited to acute kidney injury, worsening respiratory function, higher mortality and higher hospital and intensive care unit length-of-stays. In this review, we synthesize this evidence and describe this phenomenon as fluid and electrolyte overload with potentially deleterious effects. Finally, we propose a strategy to safely use fluids and thereafter wean patients from fluids, along with other caveats to be considered when dealing with fluids in the intensive care unit.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.