Trial reportAnnals of emergency medicine2015
A Randomized Clinical Trial of Jet-Injected Lidocaine to Reduce Venipuncture Pain for Young Children.
Trial report in Annals of emergency medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized Comparison of Local Anesthetic Options for Clubfoot Tenotomy: Needle-Free Jet Injection Versus Topical Cream
A Randomized Clinical Trial of Buzzy Versus Vapocoolant in Pain Relief During Phlebotomy and IV Catheterization in the Pediatric ED
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Local analgesia for the relief of pain in children undergoing venipuncture and intravenous cannulation: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Pooled it
- Vapocoolants (cold spray) for pain treatment during intravenous cannulation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for mitigating pain and anxiety associated with venipuncture: a randomised controlled trial.BMJ paediatrics open · 2024Trial
- Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions in management of peripheral venipuncture-related pain: a randomized clinical trial.BMC pediatrics · 2023Trial
- Behavioral Strategies to Minimize Procedural Distress During In-Office Pediatric Tympanostomy Tube Placement Without Sedation or Restraint.Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings · 2022Article
- Needle-Free Jet Injectors and Nanosuspensions: Exploring the Potential of an Unexpected Pair.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Managing acute pain in children presenting to the emergency department without opioids.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2022Review
- [Pediatric pain treatment and prevention for hospitalized children].Schmerz (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Review
- Managing pain and distress in children undergoing brief diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.Paediatrics & child health · 2019Review
- A hospital-wide initiative to eliminate or reduce needle pain in children using lean methodology.Pain reports · 2018Article
- Managing Pediatric Pain in the Emergency Department.Paediatric drugs · 2016Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectiveThe J-Tip (National Medical Products Inc, Irvine, CA) uses air instead of a needle to push lidocaine into the skin. To our knowledge, no studies have investigated its use for venipuncture in young children. We determine whether the J-Tip decreased venipuncture pain in young children compared with vapocoolant spray.
methodsChildren aged 1 to 6 years were randomized into 3 groups: intervention (J-Tip), control (vapocoolant spray), and sham (vapocoolant spray and pop of an empty J-Tip). The procedure was videotaped and scored with the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability (FLACC) tool at 3 points; baseline, before approach; device, at J-Tip deployment; and at venipuncture. The FLACC tool was scored 0 (none) to 10 (severe). Comparisons of pain scores over time were made with the generalized estimating equation. Venipuncture success and adverse effects were assessed and compared with χ(2).
resultsTwo hundred five children enrolled: intervention 96, control 53, and sham 56. There were no between-group differences in baseline characteristics. There was no mean change in pain scores from device to venipuncture in the intervention group (0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.31 to 0.82), but there was an increase in pain in the control (2.82; 95% CI 1.91 to 3.74) and sham (1.68; 95% CI 0.83 to 2.52) groups. This change was greater for the control and sham compared to the intervention group. There was no difference in venipuncture success between groups. No severe adverse events occurred. Minor adverse events were the same between groups.
conclusionUse of the J-Tip for children aged 1 to 6 years reduced venipuncture pain compared with vapocoolant spray or sham treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.