Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25935741›Full record

GuidelineTrials2015

Criteria for Reporting the Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions in healthcare: revised guideline (CReDECI 2).

Ralph Möhler, Sascha Köpke, Gabriele Meyer

Registry-linked trialAbstract readGuideline
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Guideline in Trials, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03292068 (Children Recovering From Tonsil Surgery Following Day Surgery), which is not on this map. Cited by 158 papers, 39 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
158citing papers in PubMed, 39 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03292068 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Children Recovering From Tonsil Surgery Following Day Surgery

TypeinterventionalSponsorLund UniversityRan2019 to 2022Enrolled576ConditionsTonsillitisArmsAcupuncture, acupressure, Timbal diet, Extended telephone counseling
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

158 citing papers in PubMed, 39 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  2. Multimodal interventions for cachexia management.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025
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  13. Can Group Exercise Programs Improve Health Outcomes in Pregnant Women? An Updated Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Pooled it
  14. Algorithm-based pain management for people with dementia in nursing homes.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022
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  16. Memory rehabilitation for people with multiple sclerosis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021
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  20. Guideline

98 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ralph MöhlerSchool of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Straße 12, D-58453, Witten, Germany. Ralph.Moehler@uni-wh.de.
Sascha KöpkeNursing Research Unit, Institute of Social Medicine, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538, Lübeck, Germany. Sascha.Koepke@uksh.de.
Gabriele MeyerInstitute of Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, D-06112, Halle (Saale), Germany. Gabriele.Meyer@medizin.uni-halle.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMany healthcare interventions are of complex nature, consisting of several interacting components. Complex interventions are often described inadequately. A reporting guideline for complex interventions was published in 2012 (Criteria for Reporting the Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions in healthcare, CReDECI) and was recently checked for its practicability. The reporting guideline was developed following the recommendations of the EQUATOR network but excluding a formal consensus process. Therefore, a consensus process was initiated, to revise the reporting guideline.

methodsWe used a three-phase consensus process consisting of (1) a web-based feedback survey on the published reporting guideline, (2) a face-to-face consensus conference, and (3) a final online review and feedback round to create the revised CReDECI. The consensus process was organized and conducted via the REFLECTION network.

resultsA total of 45 attendees from 16 European countries took part in the face-to-face consensus conference. The revised reporting guideline (CReDECI 2) comprises 13 items on three stages: development, feasibility and piloting, and evaluation of a complex intervention. Each item is illustrated by an explanation and an example. In contrast with most of the available reporting guidelines, CReDECI 2 does not focus on a specific study design, to reflect the use of different qualitative and quantitative designs and methods in the development and evaluation of complex interventions.

conclusionsCReDECI 2 is a formally consented reporting guideline aiming to improve the reporting quality of the development and evaluation stages of complex interventions in healthcare. Since the guideline does not focus on a specific study design, design-specific reporting guidelines may additionally be used.

Indexed as

Clinical Trials as TopicResearch DesignResearch ReportConsensusCooperative BehaviorHumansInternational Cooperation

Identifiers

PMID25935741
PMCPMC4461976

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.