Trial reportNeurology2015
Etanercept in Alzheimer disease: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 2 trial.
Erratum issued Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph
Trial report in Neurology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT01068353 (A Phase 2, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study of the Safety and Tolerability of Etanercept in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 149 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
149citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
12.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase 2, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study of the Safety and Tolerability of Etanercept in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease
Who cites it
149 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 241 citations in OpenAlex.
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- A Two-Year Treatment of Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment using a Compound Chinese Medicine: A Placebo Controlled Randomized Trial.Scientific reports · 2016Trial
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- Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: mechanisms and emerging therapeutic targets.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: glial crosstalk, pathological modulation, and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The importance of TNF-α signaling: a potential risk factor in neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Peripheral and central inflammation associated with progressive cognitive decline in dementia with Lewy bodies.Brain communications · 2026Article
- Mathematical Modeling of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Diseases.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2025Review
89 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on byAuthor Response.2015
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
14 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Joseph ButchartFrom the Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Experimental Sciences (J.B., L.B., D.C., C.H.), and Faculty of Natural and Environmental Science, Centre for Biological Sciences (J.T., U.P., V.H.P.), University of Southampton; Memory Assessment and Research Centre (J.B., L.B., V.H., R.S., S.S., C.H.), Moorgreen Hospital, Southern Health Foundation Trust, Southampton; Becton Health Centre (B.M.), Southern Health Foundation Trust, New Milton; Centre for Public Health (P.P.), Queens University Belfast; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (R.R., R.T.), Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, UK.
Laura BrookFrom the Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Experimental Sciences (J.B., L.B., D.C., C.H.), and Faculty of Natural and Environmental Science, Centre for Biological Sciences (J.T., U.P., V.H.P.), University of Southampton; Memory Assessment and Research Centre (J.B., L.B., V.H., R.S., S.S., C.H.), Moorgreen Hospital, Southern Health Foundation Trust, Southampton; Becton Health Centre (B.M.), Southern Health Foundation Trust, New Milton; Centre for Public Health (P.P.), Queens University Belfast; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (R.R., R.T.), Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, UK.
Vivienne HopkinsFrom the Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Experimental Sciences (J.B., L.B., D.C., C.H.), and Faculty of Natural and Environmental Science, Centre for Biological Sciences (J.T., U.P., V.H.P.), University of Southampton; Memory Assessment and Research Centre (J.B., L.B., V.H., R.S., S.S., C.H.), Moorgreen Hospital, Southern Health Foundation Trust, Southampton; Becton Health Centre (B.M.), Southern Health Foundation Trust, New Milton; Centre for Public Health (P.P.), Queens University Belfast; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (R.R., R.T.), Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, UK.
Jessica TeelingFrom the Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Experimental Sciences (J.B., L.B., D.C., C.H.), and Faculty of Natural and Environmental Science, Centre for Biological Sciences (J.T., U.P., V.H.P.), University of Southampton; Memory Assessment and Research Centre (J.B., L.B., V.H., R.S., S.S., C.H.), Moorgreen Hospital, Southern Health Foundation Trust, Southampton; Becton Health Centre (B.M.), Southern Health Foundation Trust, New Milton; Centre for Public Health (P.P.), Queens University Belfast; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (R.R., R.T.), Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, UK.
Ursula PüntenerFrom the Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Experimental Sciences (J.B., L.B., D.C., C.H.), and Faculty of Natural and Environmental Science, Centre for Biological Sciences (J.T., U.P., V.H.P.), University of Southampton; Memory Assessment and Research Centre (J.B., L.B., V.H., R.S., S.S., C.H.), Moorgreen Hospital, Southern Health Foundation Trust, Southampton; Becton Health Centre (B.M.), Southern Health Foundation Trust, New Milton; Centre for Public Health (P.P.), Queens University Belfast; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (R.R., R.T.), Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, UK.
David CullifordFrom the Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Experimental Sciences (J.B., L.B., D.C., C.H.), and Faculty of Natural and Environmental Science, Centre for Biological Sciences (J.T., U.P., V.H.P.), University of Southampton; Memory Assessment and Research Centre (J.B., L.B., V.H., R.S., S.S., C.H.), Moorgreen Hospital, Southern Health Foundation Trust, Southampton; Becton Health Centre (B.M.), Southern Health Foundation Trust, New Milton; Centre for Public Health (P.P.), Queens University Belfast; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (R.R., R.T.), Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, UK.
Richard SharplesFrom the Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Experimental Sciences (J.B., L.B., D.C., C.H.), and Faculty of Natural and Environmental Science, Centre for Biological Sciences (J.T., U.P., V.H.P.), University of Southampton; Memory Assessment and Research Centre (J.B., L.B., V.H., R.S., S.S., C.H.), Moorgreen Hospital, Southern Health Foundation Trust, Southampton; Becton Health Centre (B.M.), Southern Health Foundation Trust, New Milton; Centre for Public Health (P.P.), Queens University Belfast; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (R.R., R.T.), Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, UK.
Saif SharifFrom the Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Experimental Sciences (J.B., L.B., D.C., C.H.), and Faculty of Natural and Environmental Science, Centre for Biological Sciences (J.T., U.P., V.H.P.), University of Southampton; Memory Assessment and Research Centre (J.B., L.B., V.H., R.S., S.S., C.H.), Moorgreen Hospital, Southern Health Foundation Trust, Southampton; Becton Health Centre (B.M.), Southern Health Foundation Trust, New Milton; Centre for Public Health (P.P.), Queens University Belfast; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (R.R., R.T.), Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, UK.
Brady McFarlaneFrom the Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Experimental Sciences (J.B., L.B., D.C., C.H.), and Faculty of Natural and Environmental Science, Centre for Biological Sciences (J.T., U.P., V.H.P.), University of Southampton; Memory Assessment and Research Centre (J.B., L.B., V.H., R.S., S.S., C.H.), Moorgreen Hospital, Southern Health Foundation Trust, Southampton; Becton Health Centre (B.M.), Southern Health Foundation Trust, New Milton; Centre for Public Health (P.P.), Queens University Belfast; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (R.R., R.T.), Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, UK.
Rachel RaybouldFrom the Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Experimental Sciences (J.B., L.B., D.C., C.H.), and Faculty of Natural and Environmental Science, Centre for Biological Sciences (J.T., U.P., V.H.P.), University of Southampton; Memory Assessment and Research Centre (J.B., L.B., V.H., R.S., S.S., C.H.), Moorgreen Hospital, Southern Health Foundation Trust, Southampton; Becton Health Centre (B.M.), Southern Health Foundation Trust, New Milton; Centre for Public Health (P.P.), Queens University Belfast; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (R.R., R.T.), Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, UK.
Rhodri ThomasFrom the Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Experimental Sciences (J.B., L.B., D.C., C.H.), and Faculty of Natural and Environmental Science, Centre for Biological Sciences (J.T., U.P., V.H.P.), University of Southampton; Memory Assessment and Research Centre (J.B., L.B., V.H., R.S., S.S., C.H.), Moorgreen Hospital, Southern Health Foundation Trust, Southampton; Becton Health Centre (B.M.), Southern Health Foundation Trust, New Milton; Centre for Public Health (P.P.), Queens University Belfast; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (R.R., R.T.), Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, UK.
Peter PassmoreFrom the Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Experimental Sciences (J.B., L.B., D.C., C.H.), and Faculty of Natural and Environmental Science, Centre for Biological Sciences (J.T., U.P., V.H.P.), University of Southampton; Memory Assessment and Research Centre (J.B., L.B., V.H., R.S., S.S., C.H.), Moorgreen Hospital, Southern Health Foundation Trust, Southampton; Becton Health Centre (B.M.), Southern Health Foundation Trust, New Milton; Centre for Public Health (P.P.), Queens University Belfast; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (R.R., R.T.), Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, UK.
V Hugh PerryFrom the Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Experimental Sciences (J.B., L.B., D.C., C.H.), and Faculty of Natural and Environmental Science, Centre for Biological Sciences (J.T., U.P., V.H.P.), University of Southampton; Memory Assessment and Research Centre (J.B., L.B., V.H., R.S., S.S., C.H.), Moorgreen Hospital, Southern Health Foundation Trust, Southampton; Becton Health Centre (B.M.), Southern Health Foundation Trust, New Milton; Centre for Public Health (P.P.), Queens University Belfast; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (R.R., R.T.), Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, UK.
Clive HolmesFrom the Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Experimental Sciences (J.B., L.B., D.C., C.H.), and Faculty of Natural and Environmental Science, Centre for Biological Sciences (J.T., U.P., V.H.P.), University of Southampton; Memory Assessment and Research Centre (J.B., L.B., V.H., R.S., S.S., C.H.), Moorgreen Hospital, Southern Health Foundation Trust, Southampton; Becton Health Centre (B.M.), Southern Health Foundation Trust, New Milton; Centre for Public Health (P.P.), Queens University Belfast; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (R.R., R.T.), Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, UK. c.holmes@soton.ac.uk.
Health Foundation · GBMoorgreen Hospital · GBQueens University · BDQueen's University Belfast · GB
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo determine whether the tumor necrosis factor α inhibitor etanercept is well tolerated and obtain preliminary data on its safety in Alzheimer disease dementia.
methodsIn a double-blind study, patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease dementia were randomized (1:1) to subcutaneous etanercept (50 mg) once weekly or identical placebo over a 24-week period. Tolerability and safety of this medication was recorded including secondary outcomes of cognition, global function, behavior, and systemic cytokine levels at baseline, 12 weeks, 24 weeks, and following a 4-week washout period. This trial is registered with EudraCT (2009-013400-31) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01068353).
resultsForty-one participants (mean age 72.4 years; 61% men) were randomized to etanercept (n = 20) or placebo (n = 21). Etanercept was well tolerated; 90% of participants (18/20) completed the study compared with 71% (15/21) in the placebo group. Although infections were more common in the etanercept group, there were no serious adverse events or new safety concerns. While there were some interesting trends that favored etanercept, there were no statistically significant changes in cognition, behavior, or global function.
conclusionsThis study showed that subcutaneous etanercept (50 mg/wk) was well tolerated in this small group of patients with Alzheimer disease dementia, but a larger more heterogeneous group needs to be tested before recommending its use for broader groups of patients. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study shows Class I evidence that weekly subcutaneous etanercept is well tolerated in Alzheimer disease dementia.
Indexed as
AgedAlzheimer DiseaseAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalDouble-Blind MethodEtanerceptFemaleHumansImmunoglobulin GInjections, SubcutaneousMaleReceptors, Tumor Necrosis FactorTreatment OutcomeTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalEtanerceptImmunoglobulin GReceptors, Tumor Necrosis FactorTumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
NCT01068353ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.