Observational studyInternational journal of epidemiology2015
Antibiotic treatment of diarrhoea is associated with decreased time to the next diarrhoea episode among young children in Vellore, India.
Observational study in International journal of epidemiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Timing and predictors of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis among unvaccinated infants in low- and middle-income countries.Epidemiology and infection · 2018Trial
- Changes in the intestinal microbiota following the administration of azithromycin in a randomised placebo-controlled trial among infants in south India.Scientific reports · 2017Trial
- Article
- Restoration of cefixime-induced gut microbiota changes by a prebiotic blend in a mouse model.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Intervention to Improve Diarrhea-Related Knowledge and Practices Among Informal Healthcare Providers in Slums of Kolkata.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Antibiotic use in Moshi Urban: A cross-sectional Study of Knowledge and Practices among Caretakers of Children in Kilimanjaro Tanzania.Rwanda journal of medicine and health sciences · 2021Article
- Antibiotics for Fever Among Children: Findings From the Surveillance for Enteric Fever in India Cohorts.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Diarrhea and associated factors among under-5 children in Ethiopia: A secondary data analysis.SAGE open medicine · 2020Article
- Family income and exposure to norovirus in childhood: Findings from the UK Millennium Cohort Study.SSM - population health · 2019Article
- Variation in Childhood Diarrheal Morbidity and Mortality in Africa, 2000-2015.The New England journal of medicine · 2018Article
- Diversity of bacterial lactase genes in intestinal contents of mice with antibiotics-induced diarrhea.World journal of gastroenterology · 2017Article
- Early Antibiotic Exposure in Low-resource Settings Is Associated With Increased Weight in the First Two Years of Life.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2017Observational
- Case-Control Assessment of the Roles of Noroviruses, Human Bocaviruses 2, 3, and 4, and Novel Polyomaviruses and Astroviruses in Acute Childhood Diarrhea.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2017Article
- Interactions between intestinal pathogens, enteropathy and malnutrition in developing countries.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2016Review
- Early Life Antibiotic Exposure Is Not Associated with Growth in Young Children of Vellore, India.The Journal of pediatrics · 2015Observational
- Opportunities to assess factors contributing to the development of the intestinal microbiota in infants living in developing countries.Microbial ecology in health and disease · 2015Article
- GUT in FOCUS Symposium NOBEL FORUM, Karolinska Institutet, February 2nd 2015.Microbial ecology in health and disease · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAntibiotics are commonly given for the treatment of childhood diarrhoea, but are not indicated in most cases. Antibiotics modify the gastrointestinal microbiota, which may have unanticipated effects on the risk of subsequent diarrhoea.
methodsIn a prospective observational cohort study, we assessed the effect of caregiver-reported antibiotic treatment for diarrhoea on the timing of a child's next episode among 434 children followed from birth to 3 years of age in Vellore, India. We estimated median time differences and time ratios from inverse probability of exposure-weighted Kaplan-Meier curves for the time to next diarrhoea episode, comparing children who did and did not receive antibiotics for the previous episode.
resultsStudy children had more than five diarrhoea episodes on average in the first 3 years of life, and more than a quarter of all episodes were treated with antibiotics. Children who received antibiotics for their first diarrhoea episode had their second episode on average 8 weeks earlier (median time difference: -8, 95% confidence interval: -10, -3) than children who did not receive antibiotics. The effects of antibiotics on subsequent diarrhoea were greatest at earlier episodes and younger ages, and cefixime had a slightly larger effect compared with cotrimoxazole.
conclusionsAntibiotic treatment of diarrhoea was associated with reduced time to a subsequent diarrhoea episode, especially among younger infants. Whereas rational use of antibiotics has been advocated to reduce antimicrobial resistance in populations, we show that overuse of antibiotics may also have a direct adverse effect on individual patients.
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Registered trials
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