Trial reportBMC cancer2015
A pilot study of bevacizumab combined with etoposide and cisplatin in breast cancer patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis.
Trial report in BMC cancer, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01281696 (A Phase II Study of Bevacizumab With Etoposide and Cisplatin in Breast Cancer Patients With Brain and/or Leptomeningeal Metastasis), which is not on this map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase II Study of Bevacizumab With Etoposide and Cisplatin in Breast Cancer Patients With Brain and/or Leptomeningeal Metastasis
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- A pilot study to determine the timing and effect of bevacizumab on vascular normalization of metastatic brain tumors in breast cancer.BMC cancer · 2016Trial
- Combination of antiangiogenic and systemic therapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: before and after progression to leptomeningeal metastasis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Leptomeningeal Disease: Current Approaches and Future Directions.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- Article
- Review
- Leptomeningeal metastases from solid tumors: A Society for Neuro-Oncology and American Society of Clinical Oncology consensus review on clinical management and future directions.Neuro-oncology · 2024Review
- Drug resistance mechanisms in cancers: Execution of pro-survival strategies.Journal of biomedical research · 2024Article
- First in-human intrathecal delivery of bevacizumab for leptomeningeal spread from recurrent glioblastoma: rationale for a dose escalation trial.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2023Article
- Revisiting prognostic factors in glioma with leptomeningeal metastases: a comprehensive analysis of clinical and molecular factors and treatment modalities.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2023Article
- The Evolving Landscape of Leptomeningeal Cancer from Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials.Cancers · 2023Review
- Long-term response to sequential anti-HER2 therapies including trastuzumab-deruxtecan in a patient with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer with leptomeningeal metastases: a case report and review of the literature.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Leptomeningeal Disease.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2022Review
- Durable Effect of Pyrotinib and Metronomic Vinorelbine in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer With Leptomeningeal Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Advances in the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of leptomeningeal disease.Neuro-oncology advances · 2021Article
- Anthelminthic niclosamide inhibits tumor growth and invasion in cisplatin-resistant human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer.Oncology letters · 2021Article
- Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis-Overview of Disease State, Treatment Options and Future Perspectives.Cancers · 2021Review
- Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis and breast cancer: a systematic review of current evidence on diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.Drugs in context · 2021Review
- Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis in Urothelial Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder: A Report of a Patient with a Fulminant Course Who Died of Cancer after Definitive Therapies.Case reports in urology · 2021Article
- Endocrine therapy for the treatment of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in luminal breast cancer: a comprehensive review.CNS oncology · 2020Review
- Intra-CSF topotecan in treatment of breast cancer patients with leptomeningeal metastases.Cancer medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundElevated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was associated with poor prognosis in leptomeningeal carcinomatosis and anti-angiogenic therapy was found to prolong the survival of mice in preclinical studies. This prospective pilot study investigated the efficacy of anti-VEGF therapy plus chemotherapy in patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis originating from breast cancer.
methodsEligible patients were scheduled to receive bevacizumab combined with etoposide and cisplatin (BEEP) every 3 weeks for a maximum of 6 cycles or until unacceptable toxicity. The primary objective was the central nervous system (CNS)-specific response rate, which was defined as disappearance of cancer cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and an improved or stabilized neurologic status. The impact of VEGF inhibition on etoposide penetration into the CSF was analyzed.
resultsEight patients were enrolled. The CNS-specific response rate was 60% in 5 evaluable patients. According to intent-to-treat analysis, the median overall survival of the eight patients was 4.7 months (95% confidence interval, CI, 0.3-9.0) and the neurologic progression-free survival was 4.7 months (95% CI 0-10.5). The most common grade 3/4 adverse events were neutropenia (23.1%), leukopenia (23.1%), and hyponatremia (23.1%). The etoposide concentrations in the CSF were much lower than those in plasma, and bevacizumab did not increase etoposide delivery to the CSF.
conclusionsBEEP exhibited promising efficacy in breast cancer patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. Additional studies are warranted to verify its efficacy and clarify the role of anti-angiogenic therapy in this disease.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifying number NCT01281696 .
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.