ArticlePloS one2015
The ubiquitin proteasome system plays a role in venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification and Characterization of Antiviral Activity of Synthetic Compounds Against Mayaro Virus.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The sticky business of Alphavirus capsid-host interactions.Trends in microbiology · 2025Review
- TRIM32 inhibits Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection by targeting a late step in viral entry.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Review
- TRIM32 inhibits Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Infection by targeting a late step in viral entry.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Elucidating cellular interactome of chikungunya virus identifies host dependency factors.Virologica Sinica · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Review
- Antiviral strategies targeting host factors and mechanisms obliging +ssRNA viral pathogens.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry · 2021Review
- Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus: A Scoping Review of the Global Evidence.Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.) · 2021Article
- Immunotherapy for Refractory Autoimmune Encephalitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Comparative analyses of alphaviral RNA:Protein complexes reveals conserved host-pathogen interactions.PloS one · 2020Article
- Article
- A Functional Ubiquitin-Proteasome System is Required for Efficient Replication of New World Mayaro and Una Alphaviruses.Viruses · 2019Article
- Drug Repurposing for Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection by Systems Biology Methods.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Protein Phosphatase 1α Interacts with Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Capsid Protein and Regulates Viral Replication through Modulation of Capsid Phosphorylation.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Identification and Characterization of Sindbis Virus RNA-Host Protein Interactions.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Altered mitochondrial dynamics as a consequence of Venezuelan Equine encephalitis virus infection.Virulence · 2017Article
- A compendium of small molecule direct-acting and host-targeting inhibitors as therapies against alphaviruses.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many viruses have been implicated in utilizing or modulating the Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) to enhance viral multiplication and/or to sustain a persistent infection. The mosquito-borne Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) belongs to the Togaviridae family and is an important biodefense pathogen and select agent. There are currently no approved vaccines or therapies for VEEV infections; therefore, it is imperative to identify novel targets for therapeutic development. We hypothesized that a functional UPS is required for efficient VEEV multiplication. We have shown that at non-toxic concentrations Bortezomib, a FDA-approved inhibitor of the proteasome, proved to be a potent inhibitor of VEEV multiplication in the human astrocytoma cell line U87MG. Bortezomib inhibited the virulent Trinidad donkey (TrD) strain and the attenuated TC-83 strain of VEEV. Additional studies with virulent strains of Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) and Western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) demonstrated that Bortezomib is a broad spectrum inhibitor of the New World alphaviruses. Time-of-addition assays showed that Bortezomib was an effective inhibitor of viral multiplication even when the drug was introduced many hours post exposure to the virus. Mass spectrometry analyses indicated that the VEEV capsid protein is ubiquitinated in infected cells, which was validated by confocal microscopy and immunoprecipitation assays. Subsequent studies revealed that capsid is ubiquitinated on K48 during early stages of infection which was affected by Bortezomib treatment. This study will aid future investigations in identifying host proteins as potential broad spectrum therapeutic targets for treating alphavirus infections.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.