ArticleRetrovirology2015
Genome-wide amplification of proviral sequences reveals new polymorphic HERV-K(HML-2) proviruses in humans and chimpanzees that are absent from genome assemblies.
Article in Retrovirology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gammaretrovirus Infections in Humans in the Past, Present, and Future: Have We Defeated the Pathogen?Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Compilation of all known HERV-K HML-2 proviral integrations.Mobile DNA · 2025Article
- Mutation Rate Variation and Other Challenges in 2-LTR Dating of Primate Endogenous Retrovirus Integrations.Journal of molecular evolution · 2025Review
- Review
- Article
- Comprehensive Identification and Characterization of HML-9 Group in Chimpanzee Genome.Viruses · 2024Article
- Investigating mobile element variations by statistical genetics.Human genome variation · 2024Review
- Comprehensive characterization of ERV-K (HML-8) in the chimpanzee genome revealed less genomic activity than humans.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Endogenous retroviruses in the origins and treatment of cancer.Genome biology · 2021Review
- Virus-derived variation in diverse human genomes.PLoS genetics · 2021Article
- Contemporary Distribution, Estimated Age, and Prehistoric Migrations of Old World Monkey Retroviruses.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Article
- Differences between human and chimpanzee genomes and their implications in gene expression, protein functions and biochemical properties of the two species.BMC genomics · 2020Review
- Identification of the distribution of human endogenous retroviruses K (HML-2) by PCR-based target enrichment sequencing.Retrovirology · 2020Article
- Article
- Is the HERV-K HML-2 Xq21.33, an endogenous retrovirus mutated by gene conversion of chromosome X in a subset of African populations, associated with human breast cancer?Infectious agents and cancer · 2020Article
- How Retroviruses and Retrotransposons in Our Genome May Contribute to Autoimmunity in Rheumatological Conditions.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Structural variation of centromeric endogenous retroviruses in human populations and their impact on cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, Sézary syndrome, and HIV infection.BMC medical genomics · 2019Article
- Gorillas have been infected with the HERV-K (HML-2) endogenous retrovirus much more recently than humans and chimpanzees.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTo date, the human population census of proviruses of the Betaretrovirus-like human endogenous retroviral (HERV-K) (HML-2) family has been compiled from a limited number of complete genomes, making it certain that rare polymorphic loci are under-represented and are yet to be described.
resultsHere we describe a suppression PCR-based method called genome-wide amplification of proviral sequences (GAPS) that selectively amplifies DNA fragments containing the termini of HERV-K(HML-2) proviral sequences and their flanking genomic sequences. We analysed the HERV-K(HML-2) proviral content of 101 unrelated humans, 4 common chimpanzees and three centre d'etude du polymorphisme humain (CEPH) pedigrees (44 individuals). The technique isolated HERV-K(HML-2) proviruses that had integrated in the genomes of the great apes throughout their divergence and included evolutionarily young elements still unfixed for presence/absence.
conclusionsBy examining the HERV-K(HML-2) proviral content of 145 humans we detected a new insertionally polymorphic Type I HERV-K(HML-2) provirus. We also observed provirus versus solo long terminal repeat (LTR) polymorphism within humans at a previously unreported, but ancient, locus. Finally, we report two novel chimpanzee specific proviruses, one of which is dimorphic for a provirus versus solo LTR. Thus GAPS enables the isolation of uncharacterised HERV-K(HML-2) proviral sequences and provides a direct means to assess inter-individual genetic variation associated with HERV-K(HML-2) proviruses.
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