ArticlePloS one2015
Lipophilic triphenylphosphonium cations inhibit mitochondrial electron transport chain and induce mitochondrial proton leak.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 168 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mitochondria-Targeted Nanotherapeutics: A Promising Strategy in Modulating Mitochondrial Function, Transfer, and Transplantation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Mitochondria-Directed Redox Phospholipid Polymers for Cancer Therapy.Cancer science · 2026Article
- Organelle-Resolved Tetrazine-trans-Cyclooctene Click Chemistry for Cargo Delivery and Release.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Mitochondria-Targeting Moieties Based on N-Tethered Pyridinium Cations.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Triphenylphosphonium compounds preferentially inhibit long-chain fatty acid oxidation in cardiac mitochondria.Research square · 2026Article
- Efficacy of phosphonium amphiphilic salts against Acanthamoeba genotype T4.International journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Development of Mitochondria-Targeted PARP Inhibitors.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Modular Design of Mitochondrion-Targeted Iron Chelators Allows Highly Selective Antiparasitic Activity against Trypanosomes and Apicomplexan Parasites.ACS infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Overcoming resistance in lung cancer: combined mitochondrial destabilization by lipophilic cations and doxycycline in hypoxic non-small cell lung carcinoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Nanomaterial-Mediated Targeting of Mitochondrial Metabolism: Strategies and Applications in Cancer Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Lipophilic Cations as Mitochondria-Targeting Moieties: Recent Progress and Design Principles for Medicinal Chemistry.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Synthesis and In Vitro Anticancer Evaluation of Novel Phosphonium Derivatives of Chrysin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cardiomyopathy and Heart Failure: From Energetic Collapse to Therapeutic Opportunity.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Article
- Copper Chelation Induces Morphology Change in Mitochondria of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.JACS Au · 2025Article
- Elevated mitochondrial membrane potential is a therapeutic vulnerability in Dnmt3a-mutant clonal hematopoiesis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Modification in Structures of Active Compounds in Anticancer Mitochondria-Targeted Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The development of mitochondria-targeted quercetin for rescuing Sertoli cells from oxidative stress.Research in pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Article
- First Report on Cationic Triphenylphosphonium Compounds as Mitochondriotropic HAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Phytopathogenic Fungicidal Activity and Mechanism Approach of Three Kinds of Triphenylphosphonium Salts.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe lipophilic positively charged moiety of triphenylphosphonium (TPP+) has been used to target a range of biologically active compounds including antioxidants, spin-traps and other probes into mitochondria. The moiety itself, while often considered biologically inert, appears to influence mitochondrial metabolism. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsWe used the Seahorse XF flux analyzer to measure the effect of a range of alkylTPP+ on cellular respiration and further analyzed their effect on mitochondrial membrane potential and the activity of respiratory complexes. We found that the ability of alkylTPP+ to inhibit the respiratory chain and decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential increases with the length of the alkyl chain suggesting that hydrophobicity is an important determinant of toxicity. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: More hydrophobic TPP+ derivatives can be expected to have a negative impact on mitochondrial membrane potential and respiratory chain activity in addition to the effect of the biologically active moiety attached to them. Using shorter linker chains or adding hydrophilic functional groups may provide a means to decrease this negative effect.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.