SynthesisBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2015
Metformin versus insulin for gestational diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04855513 (Prevention of Pre-eclampsia Using Metformin), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Prevention of Pre-eclampsia Using Metformin: a Randomized Control Trial
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Major malformations risk following early pregnancy exposure to metformin: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2023 · on this mapPooled it
- Effectiveness of antidiabetic agents for treatment of gestational diabetes: A methodological quality assessment of meta-analyses and network meta-analysis.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2021Pooled it
- Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Metformin, Glyburide, and Insulin in Treating Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of diabetes research · 2019Pooled it
- Evaluation of Preeclampsia Results after Use of Metformin in Gestation: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2018Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Metformin in gestational diabetes: physiological actions and clinical applications.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Metformin for Treating Gestational Diabetes: What Have We Learned During the Last Two Decades? A Systematic Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Efficacy and safety of metformin during pregnancy: an update.Endocrine · 2024Review
- Comparison of Neurodevelopmental Status in Early Infancy of Infants of Women With and Without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Metformin in Pregnancy for Women with Type 2 Diabetes: a Review.Current diabetes reports · 2021Review
- Metformin in Pregnancy Study (MiPS): protocol for a systematic review with individual patient data meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2020Article
- Metformin decreases hyaluronan synthesis by vascular smooth muscle cells.Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research · 2020Article
- Comparative effects of glibenclamide, metformin and insulin on fetal pancreatic histology and maternal blood glucose in pregnant streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.African health sciences · 2019Article
- Prenatal metformin exposure or organic cation transporter 3 knock-out curbs social interaction preference in male mice.Pharmacological research · 2019Article
- Effect of Metformin on a Preeclampsia-Like Mouse Model Induced by High-Fat Diet.BioMed research international · 2019Article
- Anti-inflammatory Action of Metformin with Respect to CX3CL1/CX3CR1 Signaling in Human Placental Circulation in Normal-Glucose Versus High-Glucose Environments.Inflammation · 2018Article
- Outcomes for Women with Gestational Diabetes Treated with Metformin: A Retrospective, Case-Control Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2018Article
- Pregnancy outcomes in women on metformin for diabetes or other indications among those seeking teratology information services.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2018Observational
- Metformin in gestational diabetes: the offspring follow-up (MiG TOFU): body composition and metabolic outcomes at 7-9 years of age.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2018Article
- Genomic Characterization of Metformin Hepatic Response.PLoS genetics · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of the present meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy and safety of metformin for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We searched databases, including PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing metformin and insulin treatments in women with GDM. We carried out statistical analyses using RevMan 2011 and used the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations profiler to rate the quality of evidence of the primary outcomes. We analysed eight studies involving 1592 subjects. Meta-analysis of the RCTs showed that metformin had statistically significant effects on pregnancy-induced hypertension [PIH; risk ratio (RR) 0.54; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.31, 0.91]. However, its effects on neonatal hypoglycaemia (RR 0.80; 95% CI 0.62, 1.02), rate of large-for-gestational age infants (RR 0.77; 95% CI 0.55, 1.08), respiratory distress syndrome (RR 1.26; 95% CI 0.67, 2.37), phototherapy (RR 0.94; 95% CI 0.67, 1.31) and perinatal death (RR 1.01; 95% CI 0.11, 9.53) were not significant. Our analyses suggest that there is no clinically relevant difference in efficacy or safety between metformin and insulin; however, metformin may be a good choice for GDM because of the lower risk of PIH. The advantages of metformin in terms of glycaemic control, PIH incidence and gestational age at birth are unclear, and should be verified in further trials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.