Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25922095›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2015

Quality improvement and person-centredness: a participatory mixed methods study to develop the 'always event' concept for primary care.

Paul Bowie, Duncan McNab, Julie Ferguson, Carl de Wet, Gregor Smith, Marion MacLeod, John McKay, Craig White

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. What patients want from access to UK general practice: systematic review.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2025
    Pooled it
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  11. BMJ open · 2018
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Paul BowieDepartment of Postgraduate GP Education, NHS Education for Scotland, Glasgow, UK Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Duncan McNabDepartment of Postgraduate GP Education, NHS Education for Scotland, Glasgow, UK NHS Ayrshire & Arran Health Board, UK.
Julie FergusonDepartment of Postgraduate GP Education, NHS Education for Scotland, Glasgow, UK.
Carl de WetDepartment of Postgraduate GP Education, NHS Education for Scotland, Glasgow, UK.
Gregor SmithNHS Lanarkshire Health Board, UK Primary Care Division, Population Health Improvement Directorate, Scottish Government, Edinburgh, UK.
Marion MacLeodDepartment of Postgraduate GP Education, NHS Education for Scotland, Glasgow, UK.
John McKayDepartment of Postgraduate GP Education, NHS Education for Scotland, Glasgow, UK.
Craig WhiteHealthcare Quality & Strategy Directorate, Scottish Government, UK School of Health, Nursing and Midwifery, University of the West of Scotland, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectives(1) To ascertain from patients what really matters to them on a personal level of such high importance that it should 'always happen' when they interact with healthcare professionals and staff groups. (2) To critically review existing criteria for selecting 'always events' (AEs) and generate a candidate list of AE examples based on the patient feedback data.

designMixed methods study informed by participatory design principles. SUBJECTS AND

settingConvenience samples of patients with a long-term clinical condition in Scottish general practices.

results195 patients from 13 general practices were interviewed (n=65) or completed questionnaires (n=130). 4 themes of high importance to patients were identified from which examples of potential 'AEs' (n=8) were generated: (1) emotional support, respect and kindness (eg, "I want all practice team members to show genuine concern for me at all times"); (2) clinical care management (eg, "I want the correct treatment for my problem"); (3) communication and information (eg, "I want the clinician who sees me to know my medical history") and (4) access to, and continuity of, healthcare (eg, "I want to arrange appointments around my family and work commitments"). Each 'AE' was linked to a system process or professional behaviour that could be measured to facilitate improvements in the quality of patient care.

conclusionsThis study is the first known attempt to develop the AE concept as a person-centred approach to quality improvement in primary care. Practice managers were able to collect data from patients on what they 'always want' in terms of expectations related to care quality from which a list of AE examples was generated that could potentially be used as patient-driven quality improvement (QI) measures. There is strong implementation potential in the Scottish health service. However, further evaluation of the utility of the method is also necessary.

Indexed as

Quality ImprovementContinuity of Patient CareCross-Sectional StudiesGeneral PracticeHealth Services AccessibilityHumansPatient-Centered CarePatient PreferencePhysician-Patient RelationsQuality of Health CareSurveys and QuestionnairesPRIMARY CARE

Identifiers

PMID25922095
PMCPMC4420967

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.