Trial reportAnnals of emergency medicine2015
Successful Tobacco Dependence Treatment in Low-Income Emergency Department Patients: A Randomized Trial.
Trial report in Annals of emergency medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions for socio-economically disadvantaged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Emergency Department-Initiated Tobacco Control: Update of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Preventing chronic disease · 2017Pooled it
- Combined pharmacotherapy and behavioural interventions for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Cessation of Smoking Trial in the Emergency Department: Long-Term Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Trial
- Cessation of smoking in people attending UK emergency departments: the COSTED RCT with economic and process evaluation.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2025Trial
- Cessation of Smoking Trial in the Emergency Department (COSTED): a multicentre randomised controlled trial.Emergency medicine journal : EMJ · 2024Trial
- Successful Optimization of Tobacco Dependence Treatment in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Controlled Trial Using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy.Annals of emergency medicine · 2023Trial
- Advances in clinical trials methodology: Intervention optimization approaches in emergency medicine.The American journal of emergency medicine · 2022Trial
- A Parental Smoking Cessation Intervention in the Pediatric Emergency Setting: A Randomized Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Trial
- Race moderates the effects of Motivational Interviewing on smoking cessation induction.Patient education and counseling · 2020Trial
- Association Between Utilization of Quitline Services and Probability of Tobacco Abstinence in Low-Income Smokers.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2016Trial
- A Multicomponent Intervention Including Texting to Promote Tobacco Abstinence in Emergency Department Smokers: A Pilot Study.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2016Trial
- An automated program to connect adult current smokers seen in an emergency department to a stop smoking Quitline.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- An adapted brief negotiation interview for alcohol and cannabis use among assault-injured emerging adults: A randomized pilot trial protocol.Contemporary clinical trials · 2026Article
- Evaluation of an emergency department-based approach to reduce subsequent opioid overdoses.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2024Article
- Cost-Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation Approaches in Emergency Departments.American journal of preventive medicine · 2023Article
- Worsened outcomes of newly diagnosed cancer in patients with recent emergency care visits: A retrospective cohort study of 3699 adults in a safety net health system.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Cessation of smoking trial in the emergency department (CoSTED): protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Lung cancer in the emergency department.Emergency cancer care · 2023Review
- The Influence of Social Determinants of Health on Emergency Departments Visits in a Medicaid Sample.Annals of emergency medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectiveTobacco use is common among emergency department (ED) patients, many of whom have low income. Our objective is to study the efficacy of an intervention incorporating motivational interviewing, nicotine replacement, and quitline referral for adult smokers in an ED.
methodsThis was a 2-arm randomized clinical trial conducted from October 2010 to December 2012 in a northeastern urban US ED with 90,000 visits per year. Eligible subjects were aged 18 years or older, smoked, and were self-pay or had Medicaid insurance. Intervention subjects received a motivational interview by a trained research assistant, 6 weeks' worth of nicotine patches and gum initiated in the ED, a faxed referral to the state smokers' quitline, a booster call, and a brochure. Control subjects received the brochure, which provided quitline information. The primary outcome was biochemically confirmed tobacco abstinence at 3 months. Secondary endpoints included quitline use.
resultsOf 778 enrolled subjects, 774 (99.5%) were alive at 3 months. The prevalence of biochemically confirmed abstinence was 12.2% (47/386) in the intervention arm versus 4.9% (19/388) in the control arm, for a difference in quit rates of 7.3% (95% confidence interval 3.2% to 11.5%). In multivariable logistic modeling controlling for age, sex, and race or ethnicity, study subjects remained more likely to be abstinent than controls (odds ratio 2.72; 95% confidence interval 1.55 to 4.75).
conclusionAn intensive intervention improved tobacco abstinence rates in low-income ED smokers. Because approximately 20 million smokers, many of whom have low income, visit US EDs annually, these results suggest that ED-initiated treatment may be an effective technique to treat this group of smokers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.