ArticleCytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology2015
Optimization of the cytokine secretion assay for human IL-2 in single and combination assays.
Article in Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comparison of THP-1 Subtypes Reveals Differences on Transcriptomic and Protein Expression Level Throughout Their Immunological Differentiation.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Key Considerations on CITE-Seq for Single-Cell Multiomics.Proteomics · 2025Review
- Challenges and future perspectives for high-throughput chimeric antigen receptor T cell discovery.Current opinion in biotechnology · 2024Review
- Analyzing functional heterogeneity of effector cells for enhanced adoptive cell therapy applications.Immuno-oncology technology · 2024Review
- Effective and Successful Quantification of Leukemia-Specific Immune Cells in AML Patients' Blood or Culture, Focusing on Intracellular Cytokine and Degranulation Assays.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Identification, sorting and profiling of functional killer cells via the capture of fluorescent target-cell lysate.Nature biomedical engineering · 2024Article
- Time-resolved assessment of single-cell protein secretion by sequencing.Nature methods · 2023Article
- Multiplexed detection and isolation of viable low-frequency cytokine-secreting human B cells using cytokine secretion assay and flow cytometry (CSA-Flow).Scientific reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The cytokine secretion assay identifies live cytokine-secreting cells by capturing the secreted cytokine on a surface-bound capture antibody in dilute suspension culture, followed by detection with a fluorescent anti-cytokine antibody. However, examining the kinetics of cytokine detection revealed that IL-2 staining reached a maximum at early times and then declined, whereas staining for other cytokines including interferon (IFNγ) increased for up to 90 min. The decline in IL-2 staining could have been due to rapid cessation of cytokine synthesis, coupled with internalization of cytokine/antibody complexes from the cell surface. Consistent with this model, addition of the anti-IL-2 detection antibody during the cytokine secretion step resulted in higher and more sustained staining. This modified method enhanced staining of IL-2 and IL-4, but not IFNγ, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), or IL-5. However, the longer secretion times possible in the modified assay also improved detection of other cytokines in multi-cytokine combinations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.