ArticlePharmacogenetics and genomics2015
Genetic ancestry as an effect modifier of naltrexone in smoking cessation among African Americans: an analysis of a randomized controlled trial.
Article in Pharmacogenetics and genomics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Smoking Cessation Pharmacotherapy Based on Genetically-Informed Biomarkers: What is the Evidence?Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019Pooled it
- Pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation: effects by subgroup defined by genetically informed biomarkers.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Reduction in Drinking was Associated With Improved Clinical Outcomes in Women With HIV Infection and Unhealthy Alcohol Use: Results From a Randomized Clinical Trial of Oral Naltrexone Versus Placebo.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2019Trial
- Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms WithinCurrent addiction reports · 2024Article
- A scoping review of smoking cessation pharmacogenetic studies to advance future research across racial, ethnic, and ancestral populations.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
- Leveraging genetic ancestry to study health disparities.American journal of physical anthropology · 2021Article
- Relationship between West African ancestry with lung cancer risk and survival in African Americans.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2019Article
- Genetic Ancestry Analysis Reveals Misclassification of Commonly Used Cancer Cell Lines.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2019Article
- Lack of Association between Opioid-Receptor Genotypes and Smoking Cessation Outcomes in a Randomized, Controlled Naltrexone Trial.Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire) · 2019Article
- West African Ancestry and Nocturnal Blood Pressure in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study.American journal of hypertension · 2018Article
- Disparities in Treatment Uptake and Outcomes of Patients with Obesity in the USA.Current obesity reports · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo determine whether there were differential quit rates between African Americans (AA) and European Americans with the experimental treatment naltrexone, and examine the role of genetic ancestry on these outcomes among AAs.
methodsData from a previous randomized trial of 315 smokers to naltrexone versus placebo were reanalyzed using West African (WA) genetic ancestry to define subpopulations. Logistic regression models were used to estimate treatment effects on early and end of treatment quit rates, by race and WA ancestry.
resultsAmong European Americans (n=136), naltrexone significantly increased quit rates at 4 weeks (62 vs. 43%, P=0.03) with directional, but not statistically significant effects at 12 weeks (30 vs. 18%, P=0.12). In contrast, among the AAs (n=95), quit rates did not differ between naltrexone and placebo groups at either interval (4 weeks: 43 vs. 32%, P=0.27; 12 weeks: 22 vs. 18%, P=0.60). A median split was conducted in AAs for WA ancestry. Among AAs with low WA ancestry, quit rates were significantly higher with naltrexone compared with placebo (60 vs. 27%, P=0.03). There was no advantage in quit rates with naltrexone for the high WA ancestry group.
conclusionNaltrexone efficacy for smoking cessation varies across AA individuals with different levels of WA ancestry. These results suggest that genetic background may partially explain racial differences in drug response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.