ArticleBMJ open2015
Health effects of home energy efficiency interventions in England: a modelling study.
Article in BMJ open, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed.
- Outcomes from the Victorian Healthy Homes Program: a randomised control trial of home energy upgrades.BMJ open · 2025Trial
- Survey data on ventilation provision and use in homes in Great Britain.Data in brief · 2025Article
- Comparing methods for aggregating indoor air pollutant concentration over space and time.Journal of physics. Conference series · 2025Article
- Impact of Climate Change on Indoor Radon Concentrations as a Current Public Health Challenge.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Effect of living in well-insulated warm houses on hypertension and cardiovascular diseases based on a nationwide epidemiological survey in Japan: a modelling and cost-effectiveness analysis.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- Role of public health professionals in the climate and ecological crisis: a qualitative study.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Getting to effective housing policy for health: a thematic synthesis of policy development and implementation.Cities & health · 2024Article
- A scoping review of the health co-benefits of climate mitigation strategies in South America.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2023Article
- Impact on mortality of pathways to net zero greenhouse gas emissions in England and Wales: a multisectoral modelling study.The Lancet. Planetary health · 2023Article
- Heatwave Mortality in Summer 2020 in England: An Observational Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Observational
- Home energy efficiency under net zero: time to monitor UK indoor air.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2022Article
- Evaluation of the Victorian Healthy Homes Program: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Projecting the impacts of housing on temperature-related mortality in London during typical future years.Energy and buildings · 2021Article
- The impact of energy retrofits on pediatric asthma exacerbation in a Boston multi-family housing complex: a systems science approach.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2021Article
- Exposure to indoor air pollution across socio-economic groups in high-income countries: A scoping review of the literature and a modelling methodology.Environment international · 2020Article
- Healthy buildings for a healthy city: Is the public health evidence base informing current building policies?The Science of the total environment · 2020Article
- Quantifying the impact of housing interventions on indoor air quality and energy consumption using coupled simulation models.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2020Article
- Health benefits of policies to reduce carbon emissions.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2020Article
- A tool for assessing the climate change mitigation and health impacts of environmental policies: the Cities Rapid Assessment Framework for Transformation (CRAFT).Wellcome open research · 2020Article
- MicroEnv: A microsimulation model for quantifying the impacts of environmental policies on population health and health inequalities.The Science of the total environment · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedCorrection.2017
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo assess potential public health impacts of changes to indoor air quality and temperature due to energy efficiency retrofits in English dwellings to meet 2030 carbon reduction targets.
designHealth impact modelling study.
settingEngland.
participantsEnglish household population.
interventionThree retrofit scenarios were modelled: (1) fabric and ventilation retrofits installed assuming building regulations are met; (2) as with scenario (1) but with additional ventilation for homes at risk of poor ventilation; (3) as with scenario (1) but with no additional ventilation to illustrate the potential risk of weak regulations and non-compliance. MAIN OUTCOME: Primary outcomes were changes in quality adjusted life years (QALYs) over 50 years from cardiorespiratory diseases, lung cancer, asthma and common mental disorders due to changes in indoor air pollutants, including secondhand tobacco smoke, PM2.5 from indoor and outdoor sources, radon, mould, and indoor winter temperatures.
resultsThe modelling study estimates showed that scenario (1) resulted in positive effects on net mortality and morbidity of 2241 (95% credible intervals (CI) 2085 to 2397) QALYs per 10,000 persons over 50 years follow-up due to improved temperatures and reduced exposure to indoor pollutants, despite an increase in exposure to outdoor-generated particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM₂.₅). Scenario (2) resulted in a negative impact of -728 (95% CI -864 to -592) QALYs per 10,000 persons over 50 years due to an overall increase in indoor pollutant exposures. Scenario (3) resulted in -539 (95% CI -678 to -399) QALYs per 10,000 persons over 50 years follow-up due to an increase in indoor exposures despite the targeting of pollutants.
conclusionsIf properly implemented alongside ventilation, energy efficiency retrofits in housing can improve health by reducing exposure to cold and air pollutants. Maximising the health benefits requires careful understanding of the balance of changes in pollutant exposures, highlighting the importance of ventilation to mitigate the risk of poor indoor air quality.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.